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Roanoke
Roanoke was a southern colony that was settled under the British leadership of John White in 1587. White wanted to make a quick trip back to England to get more supplies but, he was delayed 3 years until he could get back to the colonies. When he arrived he was surprised to find that the settlements was completely deserted, the only hints he found was the word "Croantoan" carved on a post and “Cro” carved on a tree. So White assumed that the settlers went to live with the Indians. Source: notes -
Jamestown
The Virginia Company of Condon established Jamestown. The colony was off to a poor start because they settled on a swamp, the men refused to work, the winter was bad, and the Natives were not friendly. John Rolfe and his wife Pocahontas in 1612 used growing tobacco and created the first profitable export. The Virginia Company offered free land to people who would settle in Jamestown. Indentured servants were some of the first to work the land. Source: Notes -
House of Burgesses
In Virginia, at Jamestown the first legislature was created by Virginia governor, George Yeardley, which consisted of elected representatives. The only people who could vote for these representative where property owners. During that time, the House of Burgesses only had 22 member because there were 11 settlements in Virginia and, every settlement selected 2 representatives.
Source: https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/House-of-Burgesses/627396 -
Mayflower/ Plymouth/ Mayflower Compact
The pilgrims also known as the separatist settled the Plymouth Colony. They sailed on the Mayflower and anchored at Cape Cod. The Mayflower Compact established the foundation of the colony’s government. This was important because it was the first self-governing plan in the colonies. A Native American named Squanto helped the settlers grow corn and established a Treaty. In the fall of 1621 the pilgrims celebrated their Harvest and, it became the basis for our modern Thanksgiving. Source Notes -
Great Purtian Migration
Puritans, also known as separatists, left England mainly because of religious persecution and economic issues. The puritans were nonconformists and found the religious environment hostile and threatening. They wanted to go to Virginia so they could make a church free from royal control.. The Puritan did not want to make a new church but purify the Church of England. https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
New York
The Dutch founded this area in 1624 and called it New Netherlands. Between 1652- 1674 the Dutch and British fought three navel wars for the land. In 1664 the British sent a naval fleet to seize New Netherlands and the Dutch surrendered without a fight. The land was renamed for the Duke of York. Source: Notes -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Puritans settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony and were led by Governor John Winthrop who believed " We shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of the people are on us." The Puritan laws that governed the colony were tied to the belief of the Puritan church. Dissenters were people who didn't follow the Puritan rules and laws. Some of the dissenters formed other New England Colonies. Source: Notes -
Maryland
Lord Baltimore was a Catholic who settled Maryland as a proprietary colony and wanted to make a haven for Catholics. However he dies before he was able to do anything with the land so his son Cecil Calvert took over managing the colonies His son offered married couples 100 acres of land for anyone who settled in Maryland. Many protestants took advantage of this offer thereote, the area became mostly Protestant. Source: Notes -
Rhode Island
Rhode Island was a New England Colony settled by Roger Williams and his supporters in 1635. Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking out against government authorities pushing religious dissention and against the confiscation of Native American land. There was no religious persecution of Christians Source: Notes -
Connecticut
Connecticut was founded by a Puritan,Thomas Hooker in 1636. It was originally established by the Dutch as the first trading post on the Connecticut River Valley. The First Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony was John Winthrop. The Pequot War was fought between 1636 to 1637, by the settlers in Connecticut and the Pequot Indians. When the war ended the Pequot Native Americans were destroyed.
Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/connecticut-colony-103870 -
Maryland Toleration Act
The Toleration of 1649 which granted religious freedom to all Christian living in Maryland. It was also known as “An Act Concerning Religion.” The act was meant to prevent religious persuasions in the colonies. Source: Notes and https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/868/maryland-toleration-act-of-1649 -
Carolina
The Carolinas were settled by 8 supporters of King Charle II. Cash crops like rice, indigo,and tobacco were traded with easy access to the West Indies. By 1720 African slaves outnumbered European settlers 2:1 then, in 1729 the Carolinas became a royal colony and were split into North and South Carolina. Source: Notes -
Bacon's Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon got together a group of untheorized militia of indentured servants, slaves, and farmers to attack against Native Americans. Some historians believe that Bacon's had an ulterior motive of not just being upset at Governor Berkley's decision not to fight against the Native Americans. His rebellion did bring about some changes like giving landholders and famers more right and putting laws in place making Africans hereditary slaves. Source: Notes -
Pennsylvania
William Penn founded Pennsylvania in 1682 under King Charles as a charter colony. Penn created the colony as a "Holy Experiment" a place without aristocracy and gave every male settler 50 acres and the right to vote. He made Pennsylvania a haven the Quakers. Source: Notes -
Salem Witch Trials
Young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts said to be possessed by the devil and accused some of the locals of witchcraft so a wave of hysteria swept through the area. Many people were imprisoned and hung. This finally ended with a public opinion turning against the trials. Source: Notes -
Great Awakening/ Enlightenment
Two huge cultural shifts further empowered Anglo-American colonists’ connection to Great Britain: the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment. They started in Europe, but they promoted very different ideas: the Great Awakening promoted a passionate, emotional religiosity, while the Enlightenment advocated for the pursuit of reason in all things. Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-ushistory1os2xmaster/chapter/great-awakening-and-enlightenment/ -
Albany Plan of Union
The Albany Plan of Union was a plan to unite British North American colonies with a more centralized government. The representatives from seven of the British North American colonies adopted the plan. Although it was never carried out, the Albany Plan was the first important attempt to join the colonies as a collective whole united under a single government. Source: https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
French- Indian War
The French and Indian War started in 1754 and ended in 1763 with the Treaty of Paris . The war gave the Great Britain huge territorial gains in North America, but disputes over frontier law and paying the war's expenses caused colonial upsetment and eventually led to the American Revolution. Source: https://history.state.gov › milestones › french-indian-war -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was put in place because the British leaders feared that more fighting would take place on the frontier if colonists kept moving onto American Indian lands. This did not allow the British to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains and, it also ordered settlers to leave the upper Ohio River Valley. Source: https://quizlet.com › causes-and-effects-of-the-american-revolution-flash-cards -
Salutary Neglect
The Salutary Neglect was a system of weak control on the colonies and a relaxed enforcement of trade laws. British Crown policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep British colonies obedient to England. The result of the period of salutary neglect was that the colonists learned to govern themselves and manage their own economies. Source: https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/why-was-salutary-neglect-important-791725 and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salutary_neglect
