-
Oct 5, 1450
Printing Press
-Spread scientific knowledge -
Sep 4, 1492
Europeans arrived in America
-54 million people inhabited both Americas
-Spilt into different tribes
-Developed different languages, religions, cultures, & ways of life
-Developed advanced agriculture practices -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus
-Was looking for water route to Indies & found the Bahamas
-His discovery eventually convulsed Europe, Africa, & two Americas -
Nov 5, 1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
-Divided Portugal & the New World -
Dec 23, 1497
Amerigo Vespucci
-Cartographer thought Vespucci explored New World before Columbus & named continent, America, after him -
Feb 18, 1513
Juan Ponce de Leon
-Explored Florida -
Period: Jun 1, 1539 to Jun 3, 1542
Hernando de Soto
-Discovered Mississippi River -
Period: Sep 5, 1540 to Sep 5, 1542
Francisco Coronado
-Found pueblos throughout Arizona, New Mexico, & east Kansas
-Discovered Grand Canyon of Colorado River & bison -
Juan de Onate
-Proclaimed province of New Mexico
-Founded Santa Fe -
Tobacco
-Rolfe perfected raising & curing method of tobacco that eliminated the tang -
Slavery
-20 Africans were sold as slaves
-Planted seeds for North American slave system -
Government
-House of Burgesses is first legislature in America -
Disease
-Epidemic caused by English killed 3/4 of natives -
Connecticut
-Hartford was founded -
Period: to
Education
-Maryland & Virginia establish colleges -
Slave Codes
-Laws created for slaves -
Carolina
-Created Carolina
-Charles II granted eight of his nobles land -
William Penn
-Managed to secure fertile land
-Named Pennsylvania after his father -
Slave Trade
-Tens of thousands slaves arrived in America -
Period: to
Slave Trade
-Thousands of slave arrived in America -
Period: to
The Great Awakening
-Ignited in Massachusetts by Jonathan Edwards
-Edwards preached about believing in salvation through good works & dependence on God's grace -
Georgia
-Founded Georgia
-Last of 13 colonies to be founded -
Molasses Act
-Import tax on molasses, sugar, & rum
-Did that to curb trade with French West Indies -
Zenger Trial
-Victory for freedom of press -
Period: to
King George's War
-Called War of the Austrian Succession
-Struggle between France & Britain mastering North America -
Princeton
-Princeton was founded in Princeton, New Jersey
-Called College of New Jersey -
College Education
-Students learned "live" languages & other subjects -
Iron Act
-Intended to spread out the colonial development of manufactoring with industry -
Pennsylvania
-Founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
-Called The Academy -
Currency Act
-Controlled colonies' currency system -
Columbia
-Founded in New York, New York
-Called King's College -
Period: to
French & Indian War
-French & Indian War erupted
-Was beginning of open hostitilites between colonies -
Albany Plan of Union
-Made for defense
-Fails & shows disunity of colonies -
George III
-George III becomes the King of Great Britain -
Writs of Assistance
-Search warrents to enforce Navigation Acts -
Treaty of Paris
-Ended American Revolutionary War -
Proclamation Line of 1763
-Closed frontier off to colonial expansion
-Established & defined new colonies -
Period: to
Pontiac's Rebellion
-Uprising by American Indian tribes
-Inspired by revivalists preaching Delaware prophet -
Treaty of Paris
-Ended French & Indian War
-French lost all territory -
Paxton Boys Rebellion
-Dissatisfied about frontier protection in Pennsylvania -
Pontiac's Rebellion
-Tribes organized against British movement -
Proclamation of 1763
-Restricted settlement west of Appalachians -
Paxton Boys on Philadelphia
-Scots-Irish protested the Quaker's oligarchy's lenient policy toward Indians -
Currency Act
-Parliament passed this act to effectively control currency -
Sugar Act
-Modified version of Sugar & Molasses Act
-Reduced rate of tax on molasses
-Listed foreign goods to be taxed -
Sugar Act
-England in debt
-Cut Molasses Act in half -
Currency Act
-Prevented printing of colonial money -
Stamp Act
-Taxed printed materials
-Kept troops in colonies -
Sons of Liberty
-Enforced non-importation -
Stamp Act Congress
-Protests Stamp Act -
Quartering Act
-Colonies support troops -
Townshend Act
-Taxed lead, paint, glass, & tea
-Colonies react by non-importation -
Boston Massacre
-Street fight against British & colonists -
Committees of Correspondence
-Organized by Samuel Adams -
Gaspee Incident
-Burned British ship
-Attempted to collect taxes -
Tea Act
-Reduces tea prices
-Gave England a monopoly -
Boston Tea Party
-Dumped tea into sea -
Intolerable Acts
-Punished Boston -
Boston Port Act
-Closed Boston's ports -
Northwest Ordinance
-Called for the land west of the Appalachian Mountains, north of the Ohio River, & east of the Mississippi River to be divided into separate states -
Northwest Ordinance of 1785
-Divided the Northwest Territory into townships -
Annapolis Convention
-Convention called by Virginia to discuss a uniform regulation of commerce -
Constitutional Convention
-55 delegates from the several states met to frame a Constitution for a federal republic -
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
-Provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory
-Listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory -
Shays' Rebellion
-Post-Revolutionary clash between New England farmers and merchants
-Tested the precarious institutions of the new republic
-Threatened to plunge the "disunited states" into a civil war -
Federalists Papers
-Written and published in several New York State newspapers to persuade New York voters to ratify the proposed constitution -
Constitution
-Constitution was ratified -
George Washington
-George Washington was inaugurated as President of the United States -
French Revolution
-Period of radical social and political upheaval in French and European history -
Citizen Genet
-French minister that arrived in the United States & passed out letters authorizing Americans to attack British commercial vessels and Spanish New Orleans -
Whiskey Rebellion
-Rebellion by farmers in western Pennsylvania against a federal tax on the production of whiskey -
Battle of Fallen Timbers
-Final battle of the Northwest Indian War
-Indians were defeated by British -
Jay's Treaty
-Treaty between the United States and Great Britain
-Credited with averting war, resolving issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783, & facilitated ten years of peaceful trade between the United States and Britain in the midst of the French Revolutionary Wars -
Pinckney's Treaty
-Established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain
-Defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies
-Guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River -
Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions
-Political statements in which the legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional
-Resolutions argued that the states had the right & duty to declare unconstitutional any acts of Congress that were not authorized by the Constitution -
Alien and Sedition Acts
-Series of laws passed created to restrict the public activities of political radicals who sympathized with the French Revolution
-Criticized Adams' Federalist policies -
Jefferson
-Jefferson was elected as President of the United States -
Louisiana Purchase
-Acquisition by the United States of America of 828,000 square miles of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana -
Non-Intercourse Act
-Regulates commerce between Native Americans and non-Indians -
Battle of New Orleans
-Andrew Jackson became a war hero at the Battle of New Orleans
-Final major battle of War of 1812 -
"Era of Good Feelings"
-Occurred in the election of James Monroe
-Period in political history that reflected sense of national purpose & desire for unity with Americans -
Andrew Jackson
-Acted as quasi-military commanders to acquire Florida territory -
Tariff of 1824
-Passed by Henry Clay
-Protective tariff designed to protect American industry against British -
Election of 1824
-Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, and William H. Crawford, & Henry Clay were running mates
-All ran Democratic Republicans -
Erie Canal
-Erie Canal finished construction -
American Temperance Society
-American Temperance Society founded in Boston -
Founding Fathers
-Thomas Jefferson & John Adams both died on 50th anniversary of Declaration of Independence -
Railroad
-First American railroad was built in Massachusetts -
Tariff of Abombinations
-Raised the Tariff of 1824 -
South Carolina Exposition
-Essay written by John C. Calhoun that declares the Tariff of 1828 unconstitutional -
Jackson & Calhoun
-Andrew Jackson is elected President with John C. Calhoun as Vice President -
Indian Removal Act
-Signed by President Jackson
-Granted authority to move Indians to the west -
William Lloyd Garrison
-Published the Liberator -
Bank of the United States
-President Jackson vetoed a bill to recharter the Bank of America
-Argued that the bank's policies favored corporations & moneyed aristocracy -
Tariff of 1832
-More moderate than the Tariff of 1828
-Still left the South dissatisfied -
South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification
-Written by John C. Calhoun
-Issued by South Carolina state legislature
-Adopted measures to enforce this ordinance -
Female Anti-Slavery Society
-Lucretia Mott organized the American Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia -
Compromise Tariff of 1833
-Created by Henry Clay that cutback tariffs -
Ralph Waldo Emerson
-Published "Nature" that set forth ideas known as Transcendentalism -
Period: to
Oregon Trail
2,000 mile historic east-west wagon route -
William Harrison
-Whig Party
-Became President -
Period: to
John Tyler
-Whig Party
-Became President -
Samuel Morse
-Sent first telegraph message from Washington to Baltimore -
James K. Polk
-Elected President -
Santa Anna
-Presidency overthrown -
Period: to
James K. Polk
-Democrat
-Became President -
49th Parallel
-Oregon & Canada established 49th Parallel -
Mexican-American War
-Conflicts between Mexico & America -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
-Ended the Mexican-American War -
Zachary Taylor
-Elected President -
Compromise of 1850
-Admits California as a free state -
Millard Fillmore
-Elected as President -
Gadsden Treaty
-Purchase by James Gadsden
-For United States' transcontinental railroad -
Franklin Pierce
-Suceeds Fillmore because of his death
-Becomes President -
Free Soilers
-Establish government
-Banned slaves & blacks from Kansas -
John Brown
-Killed 5 slavery supporters in Kansas -
James Buchanan
-Becomes President -
Dred Scott
-Court case versus Sanford
-Black American slave that sued for his freedom -
Lincoln–Douglas debates
-Series of seven debates between Abraham Lincoln & Stephen Douglas
