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Yalta Conference
Where: Yalta Ukraine.
Who: The "Big Three" (Soviet Union, Britain, United States.)
What Happened: Roosevelt, Stalin, And Churchill tried to re-draw the map of Europe and European countries would be able to have free elections.
How did it affect Liberalism: Socialist and communist countries in Europe have to have free elections allowing for those citizens to have the freedom to vote. -
Potsdam Conference
Where: Potsdam Germany.
Who: The "Big There" (Soviet Union, Britain, United States.)
What Happened: The leaders agreed on reparations to Germany and Warned Japan to surrender or face the consequences.
Effects on liberalism: There was no talk of freedoms at the conference. -
Hiroshima Bomb
Where: Hiroshima Japan.
Who: Japan, United States.
What: The US Bombed Hiroshima in retaliation to the attack on Pearl Harbor and Japan didn't surrender when Germany surrendered.
Effect on Liberalism: The people who lived in Hiroshima didn't have much freedom because their government didn't surrender after Germany surrendered. The people of Hiroshima had to go with what the government wanted leaving no freedom for them. -
Bombing of Nagasaki
Where: Japan.
Who: Japan and US.
What: The US detonated another atomic bomb over Nagasaki Japan because they didn't surrender after the first one.
Effect on Liberalism: This effected the liberalism of the Japanese because they didn't have a choice to end the war because the choice was up to the government. -
Molotov Plan
Where: Eastern Europe
Who: Created by Soviet Union, used by countries under there influence.
What: The molotov plan was a reaction to the United States Marshall plan. Involved bilateral trade agreements that helped to consolidate the economies of Poland, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania. Solidifying the soviet presence in Europe.
Effect on Liberalism: I'm guessing that the countries involved in the plan didn't have a choice of not joining the plan. Reducing Liberalism -
Truman Doctrine
Where: US, Greece, and Turkey.
Who: Harry Truman, Greeks, and Turkish.
What: The US provided $400 million in aid when Greek and Turkish governments askes for support in defeating the appeal of communism in their countries.
Effect on Liberalism: The countries given the aid had more freedom to do what they wanted and provide more freedoms for their citizens. -
Brussels Treaty
Where: Western Europe.
Who: Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
What: The purpose of the treaty was to show that western european countries could cooperate.
Effect on liberalism: This increased liberalism because countries in the treaty could depend on each other. -
Period: to
Marshall Plan
Where: Europe.
Who: 17 European Countries.
What: A plan by the US to help the recovery of countries ravaged by war in Europe.
Effect on liberalism: By giving countries money they have the freedom to improve their society by giving their citizens more freedoms. -
Berlin Blockade
Where: West Berlin.
Who: Stalin, Soviet Union
What: Stalin block all road, rail, and canal transportation to West Berlin. They were blocking off supplies and necessities.
Effect on liberalism: This was a reduction of freedom by not allowing West Berliners the right to transportation and trade. -
NATO
Where: North Atlantic.
Who: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
What: A military alliance designed to defend members against attack from the US and its allies.
Effect on Liberalism: If a country in NATO is attacked the country does not have to give up its freedom because other members of NATO will help them. -
Soviet Creation of Nuclear Weapons
When: Started experimenting with nuclear technology in 1943. The first nuclear weapon tested was on August 29, 1949.
Where: In the Soviet Union.
Who: The Soviets.
What: Soviets start testing and creating nuclear weapons.
Effect on liberalism: Everyone's freedom could be infringed upon due to nuclear annihilation. -
Period: to
Korean War
Where: Korea.
Who: South Korea, North Korea, Soviet Union, and the UN.
What: The Korean War was a conflict between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (South Korea). The War officially started when the north invaded the south.
Effect on Liberalism: This affected liberalism because people's freedoms were cut short by the war and forced into conflict. Which some people probably didn't want to fight. -
Stalin's Death
Where: Soviet Union
Who: Joseph Stalin
What: The day Stalin died -
Warsaw Pact
Where: Europe.
Who: Soviet Union, and participating countries.
What: Created for a unified military command and the systematic ability to strengthen the Soviet hold over the other participating countries.
Effect on liberalism: Countries in the pact lost liberalism because they had to commit to communistic ideologies. -
Period: to
Vietnam War
Where: Vietnam.
Who: US, South Vietnam, SU, North Vietnam.
What: The Vietnam War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States.
Effect on Liberalism: The freedom of Americans was reduced to rubble during the war. If you were to get drafted you were forced to go to Vietnam and fight. -
NORAD
Where: Canada's northern shores.
Who: Canada and United States.
What: Canada and the US cooperated in building a united air defence System. The North America Aerospace Defence Command. The system contained the DEW line. which would give an early warning for a missile attack.
Effect on Liberalism: This increases liberalism because we have the freedom to know if we are going to be attacked. -
Period: to
Hungarian Revolution
Where: Hungary
Who: Hungary, Soviet Union
What: The Hungarian people revolted against their Stalinist government, forming militias and battling the state police and Soviet Troops. In less than two weeks a new democratic state was created. In November 1956, Soviet tanks roll in and use force to defeat the independent country.
Effect on liberalism: Hungary started a revolution in order to achieve freedom, and they did, just not for a long time. -
Fidel Castro taking over
Where: Cuba.
Who: Fidel Castro and his socialists.
What: Fidel led a socialist revolution and overthrew Batista's corrupt pro capitalist government.
Effect on liberalism: Fidel changed wages for workers and tried to increase the average persons purchasing power. Increasing there freedom. -
Nuclear Arms Treaties
Where: Where the Treaties were signed.
Who: The countries that signed them.
What: They are treaties that prevent the spread of nuclear weapons to promote cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Their goal is to achieve nuclear disarmament.
Effect on liberalism: They affect freedom so we don't have to worry about nuclear destruction. -
Bay of Pigs
Where: US and Cuba
Who: The Americans and Cubans.
What: Following the Cuban Revolution millions of cubans who opposed Fidel were exiled and came to the US. The US orchestrated an attempt to by a group of these exiles to take back Cuba. Trained and support by the US government the exiled cubans were ready. 1511 of these people landed and the invasion failed horribly. -
Creation of Berlin Wall
Where: Berlin
Who: East Berlin, West Berlin
What: East Berlin started to build a wall claiming that it was to protect them from western aggression. The west was this as an attempt to stop the flow of east germans into West Berlin where they would have access to economic opportunity and NATO protection.
Effect on Liberalism: West Berliners were effectively locked within the Soviet Union with no opportunities limiting there freedom. -
End of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Where: Cuba.
Who: The US, and Cuba
What: President Kennedy agreed to not invade Cuba and to withdraw American Jupiter missiles from turkey. In exchange, the soviets would not move their missiles to Cuba.
Effect on Liberalism: Everyone's liberalism was affected positively because the third war did not start. -
Czechoslovakia Revolution
Where: Czechoslovakia.
Who: Czechoslovakia, Soviet Union.
What: Reformist Alexander Dubcek came to power in the Czech. Rep. and granted additional rights and freedoms to its citizens, loosening restrictions on the media, speech, travel, and limited power to the secret police. This was the start of a 10-year transition toward the democratic election.
Effect on Liberalism: Alexander Increased the freedom of this country by granting additional rights and freedoms to its citizens. -
Period: to
Soviet-Afghan War
Where: Afghanistan
Who: US, SU, Afghan resistance fighters
What: The SU invaded Afghanistan in 1979. In response, the CIA equipped Afghan Resistance fighters with rifles from WWI and other arms in a covert operation that would cost the US about 5 million/year.
Effect on Liberalism: The US imposed their own ideas upon the Afghans to fight the Soviet Union because they didn't them to spread communism. The afghans decreased their freedom because to make the US fight for them. -
Solidarity in Poland
Where: Poland.
Who: Founders are Lech Walesa, Anna Walentynowicz.
What: Solidarity is a trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. It was the first independent trade union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognized by the state.
Effect on Liberalism: Allowed Polanders to trade for the first time in a while. Increased their liberalism by giving them the freedom to trade. -
The Fall of the Berlin Wall
Where: Berlin.
Who: The people who lived in Berlin.
What: It was the fall of the Berlin Wall. A spokesman for East Berlin's Communist Party announced a change in the city's relations with the West. Starting at midnight that day, he said people were free to cross the borders.
Effect on Liberalism: This massively affected liberalism as people could freely move between the two parts of the city. and enter and like Soviet Germany. -
End of the Cold War
Where: Europe
Who: Soviet Union. United States
What: The Cold War was a period of tension between the US, SU, and there allies. It was a war between capitalism and communism.
Effect on Liberalism: It changed the world. The people of the Soviet now had freedom to leave and enter. And no censorship from the media.