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Joseph Stalin 1926
after the death of Lenin he became the new Soviet dictator and he began the massive effort to industrialize his country, tolerating no opposition to his rule brought 8-10 million deaths of peasants who resisted. -
Dwight D Eisenhower 1943
As supreme commander of Allied forces in Western Europe during World War II, Dwight D. Eisenhower led the massive invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe that began on D-Day (June 6, 1944). In 1952, leading Republicans convinced Eisenhower (then in command of NATO forces in Europe) to run for president; he won a convincing victory over Democrat Adlai Stevenson and would serve two terms in the White House (1953-1961). During his presidency, Eisenhower managed Cold War-era tensi -
United Nations 1944
President Roosevelt believe that a new international political organization could prevent another world war. In 1944 at the Dumbarton oaks of estate in Washington, DC delegate from 39 countries met to discuss the new organization. -
Harry S. Truman
became Vice President after FDR died in 1945. Began making crucial decisions during the final times of WW2. Novembeer 24, 1944 two bombs were dropped in Japan. During his presidency WW2 ended. -
Joseph McCarthy
Joseph McCarthy (McCarthyism)- (1946-1954)
McCarthy ran for Senate by accusing his opposition of being a Communist
McCarthy continued to accuse people including Secretary of State Dean Acheson and George C. Marshall,and the act restricted people's rights
He began a career of damaging reputations- called McCarthyism
McCarthy would attack anyone somewhat affiliated with the Communist party and interrogate them until they seemed guilty, even taking his tactics to television
Senate later passed cens -
Marshall Plan
Marshall Plan- (June 1947)
Proposed by Secretary of State George C. Marshall
“European Recovery Program” that gave European nations American aid to rebuild their economies
Soviets and satellite nations rejected offer-developed own economic program that further separated Europe
Billions of dollars to Western Europe weakened the appeal of Communism and opened new markets for trade -
Truman Doctrine
- March 12, 1947 created to fight the spread of Communism. It committed the U.S. to the role of fighting and resiting communism worldwide. A speech was given by U.S. President Truman in March 1947.
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Containment
- March 1947 Containment is the idea of keeping communism in the territories it is already occupying by using diplomatic, economic, and military actions. This idea was made popular by George Kennan in the "Long Telegram".
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Berlin Airlift
Jun. 24th, 1948 Significant because it became a symbol of American determination to stand by the divided city. June 1948-May 1949 After the war the Allies (US, Great Britain and France) merged their zones in Germany to create West Germany-Berlin was a part of this new German republic. The Soviets controlled East Germany and East Berlin. The Soviets cut all road and traffic to West Berlin. -
Mao Zedong
- October 1, 1949 Zedong was a Communist leader in China who struggled against the Nationalist government led by Chiang Kai-Shek since the 1920's. They stopped their civil war during World War ll to work together to prevent Japanese occupation but resumed it again after. To prevent a Communist revolution in China the U.S. gave $2,000,000 in aid but they squandered it and Communism rose and in 1949 Zedong formed the People's Republic of China.
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N.A.T.O.
N.A.T.O- (April 1949)
(North American Treaty Organization) that included the United States, Canada, Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, Denmark, Portugal, The Netherlands, Norway, Luxembourg, and Iceland
Mutual defense alliance where members agreed to come to the aid of any member that was attacked
Caused Soviet leaders to form alliance
Heightened Cold War -
The Korean War
The Korean War
June 25, 1950-July 27, 1953
After WWII Korea was divided by the occupation of to groups in the north occupied by Russia, and the south occupied by the U.S.. On June 25, 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea. North Korea was supported by USSR and Communist China, while South Korea was supported U.N spearheaded the U.S. Ended with an armistice and no peace treaty causing border tensions to this very day
MiG Alley: a infamous borderline between North Korea and China where many dogfigh -
Vietnam War 1950's
American you very little about Vietnam. The U.S. Took an advantage of it important for the accomplishment of halting the spread of communism. Vietnam an armed struggle Between north and south. The U.S. continued to support because it believed the success of the south was vital in the battle against communism. The Vietcong ambushed and guerilla warfare against American soldiers. As the war raged on, the number of killed and injured Americans grew -
Nikita Khrushchev:
ed the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War. He served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program, and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from powe -
Warsaw Pact
Signed in Poland in 1955. Officially called 'The Treaty of Friendship,Co-Operation and Mutual Assistance.' It is a treaty between Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Romania, and the Soviet Union. -
John F Kennedy
John F. Kennedy (1917-1963) was the 35th president of the United States. Elected in 1960 at the age of 43, he became the youngest person ever to be voted into the White House. Kennedy served from 1961 until his assassination in November 1963. In the 1960 presidential campaign, Kennedy positioned himself to the right of the Republican Eisenhower Administration by promising to close the "missile gap," the supposed Soviet superiority in long-range nuclear missiles. Jp -
Berlin Wall -
August 13, 1961
Nikita Krushchev wanted a way to stop Germans from going nto West Berlin from Communist Germany. He built a wall throughout Berlin to keep the soviet sector out and anyone who tried to flee from the East was shot at. It stood as a symbol of the division between the East and the West for almost thirty years after. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
ONe of the first times the US came very close to starting a nuclear battle. As well, it is significant because this is the first time a counntry ever had to hide nuclear weapons from other countries. Curing this dispute America was just trying to keep themselves safe. They want to avoid confrentation but Cuba and Soviet union were not going to allow it. They were hiding war heads, but the US discovered these bombs way before it was to late. October 1962, There wasnt a resul -
Lyndon B. Johnson
22nd Nov, 1963
Johnson was sworn in as President just hours after JFK was assassinated. Just as his predecessors, Johnson aimed to contain communism and took action against communism in Vietnam by sending thousands of troops to their deaths. -
George HW Bush
In 1980 Bush campaigned for the Republican nomination for President. He lost, but was chosen as a running mate by Ronald Reagan. As Vice President, Bush had responsibility in several domestic areas, including Federal deregulation and anti-drug programs, and visited scores of foreign countries. In 1988 Bush won the Republican nomination for President and, with Senator Dan Quayle of Indiana as his running mate, he defeated Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis in the general election. Bush fac -
Ronald Reagan
- was the 40th president and was president when the cold war ended. By the early 1980s, many people in the US perceived that the USSR military capabilities were gaining on that of the United States. Previously, the U.S. had relied on the qualitative superiority of its weapons to essentially frighten the Soviets, but the gap had been narrowed. Reagan believed that if he could persuade the Soviets to allow for more democracy and free speech, this would lead to reform and the end of Co
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Mikhail Gorbachev
1985
In In 1985 he became the leader of the soviet union and agreed to resume arms control talks. He belived it had to reform economic forces..He promised to cut back soviet nuclear forces if Regan would agtedd to giveup SDL. Gobachev felt confident that the soviet military spending could be reduced. He pushed fir econimic and political reforms and it led to the collapse of the soviet union. he became the leader of the soviet union and agreed to resume arms control talks. He -
Iran contra scandal
Iran Contra Scandal
20th Aug, 1985
Reagan illegaly supported rebels in the Middle East. Oliver North sent arms to rebels in Iran. It ruined Reagan's reputation. -
Fall of Berlin Wall
November 9, 1989
As the Soviet power in East Germany and Berlin lessened, the East German government announced on November 9th that all GDR citizens could visit West Germany and West Berlin. Fall of Berlin wall paved the way for German reunification which was concluded on October 30th, 1990. -
Collapse of the Soviet Union
Collapse of the Soviet Union- (December 1991)
Eastern Europe began abandoning Communism
August 1991- Coup Established that overthrew government
Coup collapsed, so Gorbachev came back, and all of the Soviet Republics declared their independence from the Soviet Union
December 1991- Gorbachev announced the end of the Soviet Union, where most joined a federation called the “Commonwealth of the Independent States”
