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Two Major Powers
United States and USSR -
Germany
Split into West and East Germany. West was democratic, East was communist -
Japan
Under US occupation after WW2. Became democratic and rose as a dominant economy. -
International Cooperative Organizations
United Nations, NATO, Warsaw Pact -
Beginning of Cold War
Yalta Conference, Soviet Control of Eastern Europe. Was between the US and USSR -
Cold War
democracy and free enterprise system vs. dictatorship and communism -
Iron Curtain
Winston Churchill described the USSR as this, dividing the continent -
Containment
President Truman developed the policy of containment (preventing the expansion of communism) -
Marshall Plan
Dubbed the European Recovery Program, helped Europe rebuild after WW2 -
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Provided a code of conduct for the treatment of people -
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
Military Alliances; NATO formed in 1949 while the Warsaw Pact was formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union -
Chinese Civil War
China was divided into two nations -
Chiang Kai-shek
Became the leader of Nationalist China -
Mao Tse-tung
Became the leader of Communist China -
Korean Conflict
Korea was divided into North and South at the 38th parallel. Ended in 1953 with an armistice -
Deterrence
Theory of deterrence: belief that having large amounts of nuclear weapons by both superpowers would prevent nuclear attacks due to both sides being able to strike back -
Battle at Dien Bien Phu
The Vietnamese defeated the French and pushed them out of Vietnam -
Ho Chi Minh
Became the leader of Communist North Vietnam -
Vietnam War
The "domino theory" led the US to be very involved in the conflict between North and South Vietnam. -
The United States
Applied the containment theory to ending communism in Vietnam by sending troops to fight -
Berlin Wall
Formed in 1961 to prevent Eastern Europeans from escaping to the West. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
USSR stationed missiles in Cuba very close to US. Brink of nuclear war. -
Indira Gandhi (Indian President)
Developed a closer relationship with the Soviet Union and developed a nuclear program -
The Paris Peace Accords
Ended the fighting in Vietnam by the United States -
North Vietnam defeats South Vietnam
Vietnam was reunited as a communist country -
Deng Xiaoping (Chinese Leader)
Reformed Communist China's economy to a market economy leading to rapid economic growth, but kept communist control of the government -
Margaret Thatcher (British Prime Minister)
Close relationship with the United States -
Mikhail Gorbachev (Soviet Union)
Instituted policies of glastnost and perestroika which led to the fall of the Soviet Union -
Berlin Wall Fell
East and West Germany re-unified -
Soviet Union
Economic collapse and break up
