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Period: to
Yalta Conference
Who- Joseph Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill
What- "Big Three" allies meet at the Yalta Conference to make arrangements for the postwar world order.
Where- Yalta, Ukraine
What Effect it Had- The Yalta Conference helped lead to the Cold War by giving the Soviet Union control over Eastern Europe. At the conference, the Soviet Union was given the right to control Eastern Europe. This led to the Cold War because it made the West feel that the USSR was bent on expanding communism. -
Hiroshima Bombing
Who- United States Army Air Force
What- The United States dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima.
Where- Hiroshima, Empire of Japan
What Effect it Had- US did it to show their power and dominance over the Soviets. -
Period: to
Potsdam Conference
Who- Harry Truman, Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill
What- The conference goals included establishment of post-war order, peace treaties issues, and countering the effects of war.
Where- Potsdam, Germany
What Effect it Had- The Potsdam Conference was designed to provide the East and West boundaries after WW2 as it was incomplete however, stalin used this to take over all of eastern europe. -
Bombing of Nagasaki
Who- United States Army Air Force
What- the United States dropped the second nuclear weapon on the Japanese city of Nagasaki.
Where- Nagasaki, Empire of Japan
What Effect it Had- US did it to show their power and dominance over the Soviets. -
Molotov Plan
Who- Soviet Union
What- Provide aid to rebuild the countries in Eastern Europe that were politically and economically aligned to the Soviet Union.
Where- Eastern Europe
What Effect it Had- Helping the other countries in Europe had then stopped the relying on American aid. Therefore it allowed Molotov Plan states to recognize their trade to the USSR instead. -
Truman Doctrine
Who- Harry Truman
What- Truman established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
Where- USA
What Effect it Had- Truman announced he was drawing a line in Greece and Turkey and challenged the Russians to cross it. Use of the doctrine by Truman's predecessors led to the Vietnam War and the nuclear arms race. -
Brussels Treaty
Who- Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
What- The treaty was intended to provide Western Europe with a bulwark against the communist threat and to bring greater collective security.
Where- Brussels, Belgium
What Effect it Had- Tried to stop communist from spreading. -
Marshall Plan
Who- George Marshall
What- The Marshall Plan was USA giving money to Europe, to rebuild after the second world war. (They gave approx. $13 billion)
Where- USA
What Effect it Had- The Marshall Plan reduced the influence and power of Communist parties in Western Europe. This angered the Soviet Union and was seen as another anti-communist move by the USA. -
Period: to
Berlin Blockade
Who- Soviet Union & Germany & USA
What- The Berlin Blockade was an attempt in 1948 by the Soviet Union to limit the ability of France, Great Britain and the United States to travel to their sectors of Berlin, which lay within Russian-occupied East Germany.
Where- Berlin, Germany
What Effect it Had- The western powers instituted an airlift that delivered much-needed supplies to West Berlin. Coming just 3 years after the end of WW2. -
NATO
Who- Harry Truman signed NATO.
What-An intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states based on the North Atlantic Treaty.
Where- Washington, DC, United States
What Effect it Had- NATO was founded early in the Cold War with the sole purpose of defending western Europe against a military invasion by the Soviet Union. -
Soviet Creation of Nuclear Weapons
Who- Soviet Union
What- Soviet Union developed an atomic bomb during the Cold War.
Where- The Soviet Countries.
What Effect it Had- It motivated everyone else in the world to start creating weapons. -
Period: to
Korean War
Who- North Korea & South Korea
What- The Korean War was a war between North Korea and South Korea.
Where- Korean Peninsula
What Effect it Had- The Korean War was the first armed confrontation of the Cold War and set the standard for many later conflicts. It created the idea of a proxy war, where the two superpowers would fight in another country, forcing the people in that nation to suffer the bulk of the destruction and death involved in a war between such large nations. -
Period: to
Fidel Castro Taking Over
Who- Fidel Castro
What- He built an army and seized control of Cuba, and promised to help the poor.
Where- Cuba
What Effect it Had- He made Cuban's communist -
Stalin's Death
Who- Joseph Stalin
What- Cause of death: Stroke
Where- Russia
What Effect it Had- It was the start of less obvious attacks on each other. It became more sneaky. -
Period: to
Warsaw Pact
Who- United States, Canada, and Western Europeans
What- The Soviet Union forms the Warsaw Pact, a communist military alliance intended to counter the threat posed by the West NATO.
Where- Warsaw, Poland
What Effect it Had- Binding contract that Soviets cannot leave the Soviet sphere of influence, and that they have to stay communist. -
Period: to
Vietnam War
Who- Vietnam & US
What- The United States went to war in Vietnam in order to prevent that country's escape from French colonial rule.
Where- South & North Vietnam
What Effect it Had- The US went into war with Vietnam. This affected the old war because at the time, Soviets were allies with the Vietnamese so it was their duty to protect them. Soviets weren't too happy when the US went to war with Vietnam. -
Period: to
Hungarian Revolution
Who- Hungarian
What- A nationwide revolt against the government of the Hungarian People's Republic and its Soviet-imposed policies
Where- Hungarian People's Republic
What Effect it Had- Soviet sphere of influence got smaller. -
NORAD
Who- Canada & US
What- is a combined organization of the United States and Canada that provides aerospace warning, air sovereignty, and protection for Northern America.
Where- Colorado Springs, United States
What Effect it Had- The Cold War between the Soviet Union and western nations was underway, and both Canada and the US feared long-range Soviet attack. NORAD was there to provide the detection, and warning of attack against North America whether by aircraft, missiles, or space vehicles. -
Period: to
Bay of Pigs
Who- Cuba & US & Soviet Union
What- Failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the Central Intelligence Agency.
Where- Bay of Pigs, Cuba
Effect it Had- The invasion is considered part of the Cold War because the United States was trying to prevent communism from taking hold in America. It also primarily set the stage for the Cuban Missile Crisis. -
Creation of the Berlin Wall
Who- Soviets
What- Wall that was thrown up overnight to separate west and east germany
Where- Berlin, Germany
What Effect it Had- It was an actual physical divide between communist and democrats. -
Period: to
End of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Who- US & Soviet Union
What- Major war confrontation
Where- Cuba
What Effect it Had- It was the closest two superpowers ever came to nuclear war -
Nuclear Arms Treaties
Who- The whole world
What- Prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology.
What Effect it Had- It was more of the symbolic end of the Cold War -
Period: to
Afgan/Soviet War
Who- Soviet Union, USA, Afgan
What- It was a proxy war (Getting other countries to fight for them)
Where- Afghanistan
What Effect it Had- It wan an attempt to turn Afghanistan communist, but failed. -
Solidarity in Poland
Who- Polish People
What- Polish people demanding independence
Where- Gdańsk, Poland
What Effect it Had- Soviet sphere of influence got smaller because Poland had left. -
Berlin Wall Fall
Who- Citizens of Berlin started to chip at the wall, but later on the government started removing sections.
What- The Berlin wall was a guarded concrete barrier that physically and ideologically divided both sides of Germany.
Where- Germany
What Effect it Had- The Berlin Wall split Germany and made conflicts between both sides of Germany. East Germany prospered, while West Germany was in demise. The Berlin Wall kept the regions separated only to cause change. -
Period: to
Czechoslovakia Revolution
Who- Czech Republic & Slovakia
What- Czechoslovaks demanded change from their government
Where- Czechoslovakia
What Effect it Had- It was a non-violet transition of power to overthrow the communist government. -
End of Cold War
The end of The Cold War marked the end of the Soviet Union. Relief was upon the countries of NATO now that the nuclear threat was eliminated.
