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House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
This was an investigation committee of the united states house of representatives. It was created to investigate those who were alleged to be disloyal and subversive dealing with activities that had communist ties. The committees associations with anti-communist revolved mainly with Joseph McCarthy. -
G.I. Bill (Service Replacement Act 1944)
This was a law created to provided a range of benefits for soldiers returning from world war 2. The main goal was to provide immediate rewards for almost all world war veterans. They earned things like payments of tuition for attending high school and college and for living expenses. also low-interest loans to start a business, low-cost mortgages. The bill was available to any veteran who had been on active duty during the war for at least 90 days and didn't get dishonorably discharge. -
Iron Curtain
The iron curtain was the boundary that divided Europe into two different areas from the end of ww2 and the end of the cold war. This was a term symbolizing efforts by the Soviet Union to block themselves and their satellite states from having open contact with the Western states and non-Soviet-controlled areas. The Iron Curtain had took the form of border defenses between the countries in Europe and in the middle of the continent. The most notable was the Berlin wall -
Containment Policy
This was a policy of the united states using various way and techniques in an effort to keep communism form spreading in Europe. The was the U.S. response to moves being made by the soviet union to increase communism in countries around them. The united states greatly feared communism and did not want it to spread so the thought by creating a containment would keep it from spreading. -
Baby Boom generation
The baby boom generation were those born between the years of 1946-1964. They were a demographic group that born during the post of world war 2. This term relates to the increase of birth rate after ww2 when the soldiers came home. this group was seen as the most fit, active, and wealthiest generation up to that era. -
McCarthyism
This is a practice of making accusations or accusing people of things without any evidence or proper regard. This concept came form a guy named a U.S. senator John McCarthy in 1947. It was a part of the red scare, McCarthy claimed he had a list of people in the united states that were communist. But he could never shown prove and kept changing his words.His actions and words greatly feared americans of the soviet trying to spread communism. -
Cold War
The cold war was a time period were tensions be the soviet union and the united states were held. The term cold war comes from the fact that there wasn't any large scale fighting between the two nations there were proxy war where the two nations supported different sides of that country. For example the Korean war and the Vietnam war. The united states supported the south side or the non-communist side while the soviet union supported the north or communist side. -
Levittown
Levittowns are seven large suburban developments that were created in the United States by a William Levitt and his company. They were built after World War II has homes for returning the veterans and their new families. This was a community that offered an alternative to cramped city locations and apartment and was also attractive to the buyer. Veteran were qualified to receive housing for only a part of rental costs. -
Marshall Plan
This was a plan to aid western Europe after the war. The United States gave over $12 million in economic support to western Europe to help them rebuild their economies. The plan started April 8, 1948 and was in operation for four years. The goals of the plan was for the United States were to rebuild war-devastated regions in Europe,modernize the industry, remove trade barriers, and prevent the spread of communism. -
Berlin Airlift
The soviet union had blocked western allies road, railway, and canal access to the sectors in Berlin that were under the western control. In response western allies created the airlift to carry supplies to the people in West Berlin. Air forces from the United States, Britain, Canada, Australia, south Africa, and New Zealand had flights to Berlin. Providing people in the West w/ supplies. Soviets didn't stop it in fear of it leading to open conflict. it was clearly successful by 1949. -
Truman Doctrine
The Doctrine was an American foreign policy created to counter Soviet expansion of communism during the Cold War. It was announced to Congress by Harry S. Truman in 1947 and later developed in 1948 when truman had pledged to contain any Soviet threats to Greece and Turkey. Congress sent free gifts of support and financial aid to support the military and economy of Greece and Turkey. Generally, the Truman Doctrine was America supporting other nations that were threatened by communism. -
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
NATO is an international military alliance the was based of the north Atlantic treaty. This group constitutes a system of collective defense where the members of states in nato agree on a mutual response to an attack by any outside force. There are about 28 members across North America and Europe. -
1950's Prosperity
The 1950's was a great and also scare time for the U.S. At this time period the U.S. had the strongest military power. And the economy was great. There were new suburban homes, new cars, and many other consumer goods were available more than ever before. However, there was also great conflict. The civil right movement was at this time and the start of the cold war in a fight to end communism. -
Domino Theory
The domino theory was that if one country in a certain region came under the influence of communism then the countries that surround it would follow in a domino affect. The domino theory was used by the United States administrations during the era of the Cold War to justify why the Americans needed intervention around the world. The u.s. used the domino theory to scare americans of the spread of communism -
Rock n' Roll
Rock and roll had evolved in the U.S. during the early 1950's and had spread quickly around the world. Rock and roll wasn't just a musical style it also influenced fashion, language, lifestyles, and attitudes. After the first rock n' roll song came out in 1955 Immediately, the music style became very appealing to teenagers. it also spread because the advancement in technology. Electric guitars were invented recording studios had the latest technology to improve the sound. -
Beatniks
Beatnik is a media stereotype seen throughout the 1950s and mid-1960s. It displayed the more real aspects of the Beat Generation. The Beat generation was a literary movement started from a group of authors. These authors work had explored and influenced american politics and cultures in post war. -
korean war
This war began when north Korea invaded the south and it lasting about 3 years.The united nations and the U.S. came to aid the south the side that wasn't communist then china and the soviet union came to aid and give assistance to the north who did support communism. Korea had been split into two regions, that had separate governments. Both had claimed to be the legitimate government of all Korea. The conflict had escalated into open warfare when North Korean forces invaded the south. -
Rosenberg Trial
Julius and Ethel were a married couple, they were u.s. citizens and were executed because people believed they were giving and telling the united states secrets to the USSR. These two were held accountable for giving the USSR information about the secret atomic bomb. Federal Judge Irving R. Kaufman was the one who pronounced the death sentence of Rosenberg's. Their attorneys had worked for two plus years to get the verdict overturned. -
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Eisenhower was the 34th president of the united states as well as an army general in world war 2 in the battle against Europe. He was the first supreme allied commander of NATO. In June of 1944, Eisenhower had commanded the Allied forces in the Normandy invasion. at the end of that year he was promoted to a five-star rank. In 1953 he created the armistice that out an end or pause to the Korean war. -
Ray Kroc
Kroc was an American entrepreneur he is best known for the expansion of McDonald’s from a local chain to the one of the world’s most profitable restaurant. He first got involved in McDonald's as a milkshake sales man. The McDonald brothers were clients of Kroc's and they purchased mixers from him. Kroc offered the brothers to work as a franchising agent and for cut of the profits. then In 1955, Kroc had become the president of the McDonald’s Corporation. -
Jonas Salk
Salk was an American medical researcher and virologist. He was the one to discover one of the first successful vaccines for polio. This vaccine was introduced on 1955 when polio was a frightening health issue in the world. the success of the vaccine was announced in April of 1955. Salk was seen as a miracle worker. -
Space Race
The space race was a competition against the USSR and the U.S. during the cold war for supremacy in spaceflight capability. This race started in 1955 when the soviet union heard of the u.s. announcement of the intent to launch artificial satellites.they said it'd be in the near future for the u.s. to launch the satellite but USSR launch one first on October 4, 1957,Sputnik 1. Later the USSR had the first humans in space in 1961.Then in 1969 the U.S. landed the first humans on the Moon. -
Vietnam War
The war was known as the second indochina war as well as the american war. It lasted from November of 1955 to the fall of Saigon in April of 1975. It was officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam. The North was supported by communist allies like the soviet while the South was supported by anti-communist allies like the united states. This is one of the the proxy wars apart of the cold war. -
Interstate Highway Act
The purpose of the act was to create a 41,000 mile of national system of interstate and defense highways that would take away unsafe roads, traffic jams, inefficient routes, and anything else that interfered with the speed of traffic or safe travel. under the terms of the law when the act was created the federal government would pay 90% of the cost for expressway construction. The money had came from an increased gasoline tax 3 cents a gallon instead of 2 went to a Highway Trust Fund. -
sputnik
This was the first artificial earth satellite. This satellite was launched by the soviet union in 1957. It was apart of the space race that started against the united states as well as a wave to spy them. It had four external radio antennae that broadcasted radio pulses. you could see it all around the Earth and the radio pulses were detectable. -
John F. Kennedy
35th president of the united states. He was apart of and president during the The Cuban Missile Crisis, the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty,developments in the Space Race, and the building of the Berlin Wall. His time in office dealt a lot with the high tensions between communist states. He was president and in charge when america came the closet to a nuclear war because of the cuban missile crisis. -
Bay of Pigs
This is a small bay of the gulf of Cazones in the southern coast of Cuba. The bay of pigs was known as a perfect failure. In April of 1961, the CIA had launched a definitive strike, an invasion of Cuba. The invasion didn't go well. The invaders were outnumbered by the number of Castro’s troops, and ended up surrendering in less than 24 hours of fighting. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The U.S. and Soviet were in a 13 day political and military battle over nuclear armed missiles inside of Cuba. The missiles were only 90 miles from the U.S. in October of 1962, in a TV address, President Kennedy explained the decision to put a blockade or quarantine on Cuba. The U.S. was ready to use armed force to neutralize this so called threat. To end this crisis Kennedy had secretly agreed to remove missiles in turkey as well as not to invade if Cuba's missile were removed. -
Betty Friedan
Friedan was an activist she is best known for her book Feminine Mystique. her book explored the different frustration of modern women in traditional roles. The central thesis of the book was that women suffered as a class varieties of more or less subtle forms of discrimination. But particularly women were victims of false values and pervasive systems of delusions. -
Lyndon B. Johnson
He was the 36th president of the untied states. Johnson designed the great society as well as escalated the american involvement in the Vietnam war. In 1964 the gulf of Tonkin resolution was passed which allowed Johnson the power to be able to use military forces in southeast Asia without asking for a declaration of war. -
Great Society
This was a thing of domestic programs in the U.S. that were launched by LBJ. The goal of the great society was to eliminate racial and poverty injustice. The main goal was the elimination of poverty and racial injustice. New programs were generated to address medical care, education, transportation, and poverty. This resembled FDR's New deal. -
Anti-War Movement
This is a social movement in opposition to a nations decision to want to carry on or start an army conflict on a concept or the maybe existing just cause. This can be related to pacifism, opposition of using any military forces in conflicts. This was greatly seen during the Vietnam war. There were a lot opposed to the involvement of the United states in the Vietnam war -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
This was a response to the Gulf of Tonkin incident made by the U.S. congress. It gave Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without having a formal declaration of war made by congress, to be able to use a conventional military force in Southeast Asia. The resolution had authorized the President to be able to do whatever is necessary in order to help members or the protocol state of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, including involvement of armed forces. -
Tet Offensive 1968
This was one of the largest military campaigns that happened during the Vietnam war. It was launched in January of 1968 by Viet Cong forces and the North Vietnamese People army against the South Vietnamese Army of Republic and the United States. This was a campaign of surprise attacks in south Vietnam against military and civilian control and command centers. The name comes from the Tet holiday, which is the Vietnamese new year because this is when the first major attacks took place. -
Richard Nixon
Nixon was the 37th president. He helped end the American involvement in the Vietnam war. As well as bring the American POW's home and end the military draft. He initiated detente,easing the strained relations to ease tension between the Soviet and United States. Nixon had visited to the People's Republic of China in 1972 to open diplomatic relations between the two nations as a part of detente and he initiated the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with the Soviet Union that same year. -
Vietnamization
This war policy came from former president Richard Nixon, in attempt to end involvement in the Vietnam war. He created a program to help improve South Vietnam's forces to assign them an increasing combat role, and reducing the number of U.S. combat troops. The name "Vietnamization" had accidentally came out at a meeting in January of 1969 of the National Security Council. it was stated that the ARVN had been improving, to the point were the war could be "de-Americanized" -
Moon Landing
Moon landing is a spacecraft landing on the surface of the moon. The soviet landed the first human-made object to reach he moon's surface it was called the Soviets Union Luna 2 mission in 1959.
The U.S. were the first one's to put a man on the moon in 1969 with Apollo 11. The United States is the only said country to have successfully issues manned missions to the Moon. Moon landing was a part of the space race against the U.S. and the Soviets -
Rust Belt vs Sun Belt
the rust belt is a region of areas around the northeastern and midwestern of the united states. this area of the u.s. had prospered between the 19th and 20th century becuase of the boom of steel and iron industries. It was also known had the "Manufacturing Belt", "Factory Belt" and "Steel Belt". the sun belt are areas with warm climates they make up the southern third of the Continental u.s. These areas are economically boosted by electronic, agricultural, chemical and oil industries. -
26th Amendment
the 26th amendment was a way to prevent the federal government and states from using age as a way of denying a united states citizen the right to vote. This amendment states that, those who are citizens of the united states have the right to vote if they are eighteen years of age or older, the vote cannot be denied or abridged by any state on the account of age. It was passed on March 23, 1971 and ratified on July 1st of 1971. -
War Powers Act
This act is a federal law by congress intended to check the president's power when it comes to committing the U.S. into armed conflict without the consent of the congress. It says that the President can only send Armed Forces into action by declaration of war by Congress. The act requires that the President to notifies Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces to military action.
