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The Vietnam War - Darby
The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, was a conflict between North and South Vietnam. North Vietnam was fighting to reunify the two sides, while South Vietnam was fighting against North Vietnams spread of Communism.Southern allies included the U.S, Australia, and South Korea while Northern Allies included The Soviet Union and China. The War lasted about 20 years and ended with the fall of Saigon in 1975. -
Bay of Pigs- Nick
In an effort to re-establish American influence in Cuba, nearly 1,400 CIA-trained Cubans invaded the Bay of Pigs on the southern coast of the island. Unfortunately, the Cubans were outnumbered by Castro's forces, and surrounded after less than 24 hours of fighting due to many aspects of the invasion going awry. -
Berlin Wall
Germany and Berlin were divided into the East and the West.On August 13, 1961, the Communist government of the German Democratic Republic began to build a barbed wire and concrete “Antifascistischer Schutzwall,” or “antifascist bulwark,” between East and West Berlin. The official purpose of this Berlin Wall was to keep Western “fascists” from entering East Germany and undermining the socialist state, but it primarily served the objective of stemming mass defections from East to West. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense political and military standoff over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba, just 90 miles from U.S..Pres. John Kennedy made it clear the U.S. was prepared to use military force.However, disaster was avoided when the U.S. agreed to Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev’s offer to remove the Cuban missiles in exchange for the U.S. promising not to invade Cuba. Kennedy also secretly agreed to remove U.S. missiles from Turkey. -
Gulf of Tonkin- Omarri
The Gulf Of Tonkin is a body of water located off the coast of North Vietnam. The significance of Tonkin was two US men who were stationed in Tonkin, were fired upon by North Vietnamese forces. President Johnson then requested permission from Congress to increase military forces to retaliate, thus causing the escalation of the Vietnam War. -
Anti-War Protest -Holden
The movement against U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War began small–among peace activists on college campuses–but gained national prominence in 1965, after the United States began bombing North Vietnam. Anti-war marches and other protests, such as the ones organized by Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), attracted a widening base of support over the next three years. -
The Tet Offensive- Nick
During a ceasefire drawn in celebration for the New Lunar Year, the Vietcong and NVA launched a coordinated attack on 13 cities in South Vietnam. Although it was ultimately a failure, Northern forces caused massive damage to cities and casualties to Southern and US forces, as well as disheartening supporters of the war. -
Mai Lai Massacre - Darby
The Mai Lai Massacre was a mass murder of unarmed Vietnamese civilians in South Vietnam on March 16th, 1968. 26 of the soldiers that led the massacre were charged, but only one was convicted. 354-507 civilians were killed. This was committed by U.S Army Soldiers. -
Moon Landing -Abby
The Apollo 11 was the spacecraft that landed two astronauts on the moon. Niel Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins were the team members aboard the craft on July 20th, 1969.The entire moon exploration took around two and a half hours and they gathered around 50 pounds of space rock from the trip. Upon leaving the moon, they left an American flag for a symbol of peace. -
Vietnamization -Holden
Vietnamization of the war was a policy of the Richard Nixon administration to end U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War through a program to "expand, equip, and train South Vietnamese forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops." -
Nixon Doctrine - Peyton
President Nixon told the U.S. that from that day forward the U.S. would help any allied countries facing military threats with economic and military aid instead of using Ground troops. he said that the U.S. could not afford to completely defend its allies anymore. he also stated that the united states would still use its nuclear arsenal to shield its allies. -
Ping-pong diplomacy-chuy
Ping-pong diplomacy refers to the exchange of table tennis players between the United States and People's Republic of China (PRC) in the early 1970s. The event marked a thaw in Sino-American relations that paved the way to a visit to Beijing by President Richard Nixon. -
Kent State - Holden
A controversial incident in 1970, in which unarmed students demonstrating against United States involvement in the Vietnam War were fired on by panicky troops of the National Guard. Four students were killed and nine wounded. -
Pentagon Papers (Jesus Barrerra)
The Pentagon papers are a Study Prepared by the Department of Defense, is a United States Department of Defense history of the United States' political and military involvement in Vietnam from 1945 to 1967. The pentagon papers revealed that Harry S. Truman had been giving military aid to france during their colonial war against the communist led, viet minh, thus directly involving the US in vietnam. The papers were finally published in 1971. -
Detente with U.S.S.R. - Peyton
This is the period when tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union started to decrease. Tension started to decrease in this period because both sides could benefit from trade deals. Detente partially began in 1971 but it started to be widely recognized in may of 1972 when President Nixon and leaders of the communist party in Russia. This was a good thing because of trade deals that stemmed from this new peace. -
SALT -Abby
The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) were two rounds of bilateral conferences and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union, the Cold War superpowers, on the issue of arms control.For the first time during the Cold War, the United States and Soviet Union had agreed to limit the number of nuclear missiles in their arsenals. -
War Powers Act- Omarri
This act was passed to limit the use of the President's military forces.This was passed due to the interactions in the Vietnam war and it reduces the president's power to make decisions based upon the military forces without consent from congress. -
Cambodia Killing Fields - Alex
When the Khmer Rouge (Communist revolutionary group) overthrew the Cammbodian government in a civil war in 1975 led by Pol Pot, they began a mass genocide and ethnic cleansing in their country. The KR murdered mass amounts of ethnic Vietnamese and Chinese as well as those who practiced religions. Vietnamese, Chinese, Christians, Muslims, and Buddhists were brought to forced labor camps and slaughtered in mass executions. An estimated 1.5-3 million people were killed, 25% of Cambodia's population -
The Fall of Saigon - Alex
Saigon, the capital of Southern Vietnam, was captured by the North Vietnamese Army and the Viet Cong on 30 April 1975. The City's capture marked the defeat of South Vietnam, the end of the Vietnam War, and the beggining of the reunification of Vietnam under one socialist republic. The socialist government of Vietnam refers to this day as "Liberation day." -
Helskini Accords/Diplomacy-chuy
Also known as the helsinki final act was an agreement signed by 35 nations that concluded the conference on security and cooperation in europe, held in helsinki, Finland. The multifaceted act addressed a range of prominent issues and in doing so it had a long term effect on the cold war and US-Soviet relations. -
Geneva Convention Protocols of 1977 - Alex
The Geneva Conventions were a set of humanitarian guidelines established in Geneva by the United Nations in 1949 in order to ensure that warfare is conducted in a humane way. In 1977, two additional protocols were added to the conventions in response to the Cold War. Protocol I reaffirms the content of the 1949 conventions and adds additional articles providing for the protection of civilians and wounded, sick, or shipwrecked individuals as well as those attempting to surrender. -
Camp David Accords -Abby
At the White House in Washington, D.C., Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin sign the Camp David Accords, laying the groundwork for a permanent peace agreement between Egypt and Israel after three decades of hostilities. -
Iranian Hostage Crisis- Nick
While the immediate cause of the crisis was the decision of American-Backed autocrat Shah Pahlavi to receive cancer treatment in the US, it was also the boiling point for nearly half a century of tension in Iran. The decision to take more than 60 American hostages was an effort to break from American interference in Iranian affairs. It was carried through by pro-radical Islamic, revolutionary students who were tired of the oppressive rule of Shah. The crisis lasted 444 days. -
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