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Quebec's Padlock Law
Quebec's Padlock Law-The padlock law was an act made in Quebec.
1937 the act was made to prevent dissemination of communist propaganda.
-The act was made to prevent anyone from promoting communist propaganda.
-Anyone who was involved with doing so, would be incarcerated from 3 to 13 months. -
Gouzenko Affair
-Igor Gouzenko was born in Soviet Union 1919.
-1943 he was assigned to the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa.
-Soviet intelligence operated spy networks in Canada and other Western countries.
-The spy networks stole the secrets of the atomic bomb.
-When Canada wanted to send Gouzenko and his family back to Russia he offered Canadian government documents that were confidential to Soviet spies, for protection in return.
-The information he gave to Canada was also passed on to Britain, and USA government. -
Gouzenko Affair
Gouzenko Affair-Gouzenko and his family went into hiding under new identites.
-Canadians looked up to him for choosing freedom over dictatorship. -
Berlin Blockade
Berlin Blockade-The Soviet Union broke an agreement with former allies. They tried to force allies to give up their rights to occupy Berlin.
-Berlin was the capital city in the Western part of Germany.
-The Soviet Union tired to phyically block any supply route into West Berlin.
-The blockade suceeded by creating tension between the Soviets and allies. -
UN Peacekeeping: The Suez Crisis & Pearsons Win Nobel Prize
-Middle East had been a threat to world peace for many years. In 1948 the UN recognized new Isreal. The arabs who lived in the same land didn't aprove of Isreal and wanted to destroy it.
-Isreal forces defeated the Arab forces and took more land.
-UN arranged an uneasy truce to monitor Arabs. This lasted until 1956.
-Britain, France, USA and the Soviet Union had an interest in the region so they provided both sides with large amounts of weapoons. -
UN Peacekeeping: The Suez Crisis & Pearsons Win Nobel Prize
-USA supported Isreal, while the Soviet Union supported Iraq, Syria and Egypt.
-1956 Egyptian leader General Nasser took full control over the Canal Zone. The French and British owners of the Canal lost power and money.
-Britain, France and Isreal wanted to attack Egypt.
-Lester Pearson found a solution, by sending 800 Canadian soldiers through the United Nations Emergency Force, to keep peace.
-Lester Pearson was awrded Nobel Prize for Peace in 1957 for his resolution of the Suez Crisis. -
International Alliances NATO
-Soviet Union was openly trying to spread Communist system.
-Canada, USA, and several countires in Western Europe became concerned about National Security.
-Several Nations formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to defend and protect memebers against Soviet aggression.
-The 12 founding memebers of NATO were: Belgium, Britain, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxemberg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and USA. -
International Alliances NATO
--Soviets became afraid of the NATO attack so they created an alliance with other countires called the "Warsaw Pact".
-The Warsaw Pact included: Albania, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Soviet Union.
-Both superpowers (NATO, Warsaw Pact) developed the hydrogen bomb in the 1950's.
-By the late 1980's both superpowers developed nuclear power to destroy all human life.
-In 1971 Canada Officially made the decision that missile sites were dismantled. -
Korean War
Korean War-Communist North Korea attaked South Korean.
-USA supported South Korea.
-Security COuncil of United Nations called all UN members to get all the help they could to support South Korea.
-Of all UN memeber nations, only 16 helped South Korea. Canada ranked 3rd total in supporting South Korea.
-Canadian troops were asking to stay in South Korea until 1955 to maintain uneasy truce. -
Sputnik & Canada's Space Program
Sputnik Launch-Soviets launched the first SPutnik satellite.
-The rocket that launched the satellite in orbit around Earth could deliver a nuclear warhead to any spot in North America.
-USA was scared that Soviets had more military power so they created long-range missiles known as International Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs). Soviets responded by doing the same.
-1962 another world was was about to outbreak, but SOivets luckily turned back. -
Avro Arrow & It's Cancellation
Avro Arrow - First Flight-1957-1958 the conservatives cut taxes, helped farmers in West Canada and raised senior pensions.
-When Diefenbaker was elected in 1958, he promised Canadians thousands of new jobs.
-1960 Bill of Rights was passed.
-Diefenbaker scapped the Avro Arrow which was a jet air craft being built by Canadians,
-The cancellation of the Avro Arrow cost 14000 Canadians their jobs.
-During Diefenbakers years unemployment in Canada increased. The economy also began to slow down. -
Continental Alliances: NORAD & DEW Line
DEW Line Story-During the 1950's military technology continued to improve.
-NORAD (North American Air Defense) aggrement was signed in 1958.
-NORAD was made for Canada and the USA aggreeing to defend eachother.
-Distant Early Warning (DEW Line) was several defense installations in the North West Territories.
-DEW Line could pick up an approaching enemy missile and air craft from 4800km away. -
Diefenbaker, Bomarc Missiles and Nuclear warhead in Canada
Bomarc Missile Slideshow-1958 Progressive Conservative government o John Diefenbaker, transported 56 American made Bomarc missiles in Ontario and Quebec.
-Nuclear weapons were not allowed on the Bomarc missiles during the Cuban Missile Crisis 1962.
-1963 Diefenbaker called an election because of the issue. Liberals won.
-Lester B. Pearson accepted Bomarc missiles to be armed with nuclear weapons. -
The Cuban Missile Crisis
-American spy planes took photos of the construction of Spviet missile sites, on the island of Cuba
-From Cuba, missiles could be accurately launched to hit any major city in North America.
-USA president Kennedy imposed naval blockade around Cuba to stop Soviet ships from delivering missiles.
-In the end, Soviet ships turned back before reaching blockade and threat of war. -
Vietnam War and Draft Dodgers in Canada
Vietnam - Draft Dodgers-Canada did not fight in the Vietnam war.
-Start of Vietnam war Canada was apart of the International Control Commission. It was made to maintain an air of neutrality.
-American draft dodgers and military deserters who were refuges in Canada during the Vietnam war would immigrant to Canada. Telling the Canadian government they were discharged from the American Military service. Canadian's would have to deny the refuges who couldn't prove that they were discharged. -
Vietnam War and Draft Dodgers in Canada
-1965 Canada became the choice for American draft dodgers and deserters. -
Canada-Soviet Hockey Series
Winning Goal-Canaian amateur hockey teams playing in Olympic and World Championships always came close to winning but had not been able to defeat top European teams.
-1972 a series was organized between top Russian and Canadian teams composed of NHL players.
-The series had a split of three wins for each team.
-Final game in Moscow, Paul Henderson scored the tie breaking goal in the last 5 minutes.
-Canada won the series and got a boost of National pride. -
The Fall of the Berlin Wall
Fall of Berlin Wall-1961 – 1989 the Berlin Wall was the physical and symbolic boundary between West Berlin and East Germany.
It separated the beliefs of democracy and communism during the Cold War.
-Around 5 000 people on the East Germany side of the Berlin wall, made it across safely.
-1990 after the German wall came down, East and West Germany united into a ingle German state. -
The Fall of the Soviet Union
Fall of Soviet Union-1991 the Soviet Union separated into 15 different countries.
-The Cold War had ended.
-The break up of the Soviet Union changed the whole worlds political views. It lead to political, economic and military alliances all over the world.
