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300 BCE
the rivers
In the midst of a vast desert, the peoples of Mesopotamia relied upon these rivers to provide drinking water, agricultural irrigation, and major transportation routes. Over centuries, the flood pulse of the Euphrates and Tigris left the southern plains of what is now Iraq with the richest soil in the Near East. -
The social classes
The independent city-states of Mesopotamia formed a social hierarchy, which means citizens were grouped in order of rank within the society. Mesopotamia's social hierarchy can be divided into royalty, upper class, middle class, and lower class. Each group was made up of various members of society. -
Their language
The principal languages of ancient Mesopotamia were Sumerian, Babylonian and Assyrian (together sometimes known as 'Akkadian'), Amorite, and - later - Aramaic. They have come down to us in the "cuneiform" -
What did they Invent ??
Mesopotamians developed many different technologies which were firsts for their period of time. For example, Mesopotamians were the first to use the wheel, the plow, the chariot, the weaving loom, irrigation systems, and written language. -
Their writing
Cuneiform is a method of Ancient Mesopotamian writing that was used to write different languages in the Ancient Near East. Writing was invented multiple times in different places in the world. One of the earliest written scripts is cuneiform, which first developed in ancient Mesopotamia between 3400 and 3100 BCE