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President of the United states
Abraham Lincoln is elected sixteenth president of the United States, the first Republican president in the nation who represents a party that opposes the spread of slavery in the territories of the United States. -
the civil war
Southern forces fire upon Fort Sumter, South Carolina. The Civil War has formally begun. -
Lincon´s declaration
President Lincoln issues a public declaration that an insurrection exists and calls for 75,000 militia to stop the rebellion. -
Battle of Big Bethel
The first land battle of the war in Virginia. -
The Battle of Bull Run
is fought near Manassas, Virginia -
Battle of Wilson´s Creek, Missouri
The Union Army under General Nathaniel Lyon, attack Confederate troops and state militia southwest of Springfield, Missouri, and after a disastrous day that included the death of Lyon, are thrown back. The Confederate victory emphasizes the strong southern presence west of the Mississippi River. -
Surrender of Fort Donelson, Tennessee
This primary southern fort on the Cumberland River left the river in Union hands. It was here that Union General Ulysses S. Grant gained his nickname "Unconditional Surrender". -
Conscription
Conscription, or the drafting of soldiers into military service, begins in the North. It had begun in the South the year before. -
Lincoln´s proclamation
Lincoln Issues his Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, which would pardon those who participated in the "existing rebellion" if they take an oath to the Union. -
Atlanta Campaing
Beginning of the Atlanta Campaign. With three Union armies under his command, General William T. Sherman marched south from Tennessee into Georgia against the Confederate Army of Tennessee under General Joseph Johnston, the objective being the city of Atlanta. -
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln is nominated by his party for a second term as president. -
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln is reelected president of the United States. -
Ford´Theater
President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated by actor John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater in Washington, DC. On the same day, Fort Sumter, South Carolina is re-occupied by Union troops. -
The final battle of the Civil War .
The final battle of the Civil War takes place at Palmito Ranch, Texas. It is a Confederate victory. -
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, beginning World War I. -
Germany
Germany invades Luxembourg and Belgium. France invades Alsace. British forces arrive in France. Nations allied against Germany were eventually to include Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Rhodesia, Romania, Greece, France, Belgium, United States, Canada, Serbia, India, Portugal, Montenegro, and Poland. -
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary invades Russia. -
Italy
Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary. -
Battle of Verdu
Battle of Verdun ends with 550,000 French and 450,000 German casualties. -
USA
The United States declares war on Germany. -
United States
United States forces are victorious in the Battle of Cantigny, the first independent American operation. -
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Versailles takes effect. -
United States
United States signs separate peace treaties with Germany, Austria, and Hungary. -
Japan
Japan invades Manchuria. -
Japan
Japan invades China, initiating World War II in the Pacific. -
Germany
Germany invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe. -
Surrenders
Warsaw surrenders on September 27. The Polish government flees into exile via Romania. Germany and the Soviet Union divide Poland between them. -
Italy
Italy enters the war. Italy invades southern France on June 21. -
Air war
The air war known as the Battle of Britain ends in defeat for Nazi Germany. -
Italians
The Italians invade British-controlled Egypt from Italian-controlled Libya. -
Japan
Japan bombs Pearl Harbor. -
USA
The United States declares war on Japan, entering World War II. Japanese troops land in the Philippines, French Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia), and British Singapore. By April 1942, the Philippines, Indochina, and Singapore are under Japanese occupation. -
Nazi
Nazi Germany and its Axis partners declare war on the United States. -
Hitler
Hitler commits suicide. -
Surrender
Having agreed in principle to unconditional surrender on August 14, 1945, Japan formally surrenders, ending World War II. -
The United States
The United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima. -
The United States
The United States drops an atomic bomb on Nagasaki.