-
Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance established a government for the Northwest Territory, and it also outlined the process for admitting a new state to the Union and it guaranteed that newly created states would be equal to the original thirteen states. The ordinance provided for civil liberties and public education within the new territories but did not allow slavery. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was the acquisition of the territory of Louisiana by the United States from France in 1803, Thomas Jefferson purchased the territory through the Louisiana Purchase treaty from France. and Jefferson also sent Lewis & Clark to explore the territory. He purchased the treaty from Napoleon, which is who needed money for the Revolution. -
Missouri Compromise
This Compromise was created to balance the power of Congress, between slave and free state. This was United States federal legislation that admitted Maine to the United States as a free state, simultaneously with Missouri as a slave state, it maintained the balance of power between North and South in the US Senate. -
Monroe Doctrine
This was a U.S policy towards the Western Hemisphere, it had four different points,The United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of or the wars between European powers, 2.The U.S would not interfere with existing colonies and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere,3.The Western Hemisphere was closed to future colonization, and also 4.Any attempt by a European power to control any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a hostile act against the United States. -
Nullification Crisis
This was a crisis between the U.S. and the federal government United States 1832–33, In November 1832 South Carolina adopted the Ordinance of Nullification, declaring the tariffs null, void, and nonbinding in the state. Calhoun opposed the federal imposition of the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 and argued that the U.S. Constitution gave states the right to block the enforcement of federal law. -
Texas Annexation
The Texas annexation was the 1845 annexation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America, which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state on December 29, 1845. The Republic of Texas declared independence from the Republic of Mexico on March 2, 1836, Mexico refused to acknowledge Texas independence and Texas could not be admitted as a new state because of border disputes, Texas remained an independent republic for almost a decade while the slavery issue was ironed out. -
The Oregon Treaty
This Treaty was between Great Britain and the United States that was signed on June 15, 1846, in Washington. The Oregon Treaty set the border between the U.S. and British North America at the 49th parallel with the exception of Vancouver Island, which was retained in its entirety by the British. The signing of the treaty in 1846 was important to Manifest Destiny because it showed the U.S. was willing to fight for westward expansion. -
Mexican Cession (Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo)
This treaty ended the war between the United States and Mexico, Mexico ceded 55 percent of its territory, The Mexican Cession completed Manifest Destiny by giving Americans control of land from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The treaty allowed the United States to purchase California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado for 15 million dollars, doubling the size of the United States. -
The Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 consists of five laws passed in September of 1850 that dealt with the issue of slavery and territorial expansion. As part of the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was amended and the slave trade in Washington, D.C., was abolished This replaced the Missouri Compromise. The Fugitive Slave Law would require northerners to return runaway slaves to the south. -
Kansas Nebraska Act
This was a territorial organic act that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska. Stephan Douglass proposes letting the people decide whether Kansas and Nebraska would be slave or free states. This led to Bleeding Kansas when both pro and anti-slavery supporters attempted to sway the votes. -
Battle of Fort Sumter
This was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina by the South Carolina militia and the return gunfire and subsequent surrender by the United States Army, that started the American Civil War. -
Bleeding Kansas
This was a series of violent civil confrontations in Kansas Territory, Kansans engaged in a violent war between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in an event known as Bleeding Kansas which significantly shaped American politics and contributed to the coming of the Civil War. -
Battle of Bull Run
This was the first major battle of the American Civil War and was a Confederate victory. The Confederate victory gave the South a surge of confidence and shocked many in the North. Lincoln replaced McDowell with General George G. McClellan in hopes he would lead the Union to victory. -
Battle of Antietam
This battle was the single bloodiest day of the war. 23,000 soldiers lay dead or wounded, First Southern invasion into North. Lee returned to Virginia and Lincoln found the opportunity he needed to move forward with Emancipation Proclamation -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was an order by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln to free slaves in 10 states. It applied to slaves in the states still in rebellion in 1863 during the American Civil War. The Proclamation made emancipation a goal of the Civil War. It didn't free all slaves in the United States. But, it declared only those who lived in the United States, not under Union control. -
Battle of Vicksburg
The surrender of Vicksburg, and Port Hudson, Louisiana days later, split the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River and gave the Union control of the river, this was the key turning point in western theater -
Battle of Gettysburg
This battle was in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, by Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War. -
Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address is a speech that Abraham Lincoln delivered during the American Civil War, which said " "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal." -
Sherman’s March to the Sea
This was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 until December 21, 1864. Sherman led 60,000 soldiers on a 285-mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia The purpose of Sherman's March to the Sea was to frighten Georgia's civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. -
The 13th Amendment
The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, officially ending the institution of slavery, is ratified. Lincoln believed that a constitutional amendment was necessary to ensure the end of slavery. This Amendment banned any form of slavery in any place under the influence of the United States, so that slaves could be free to get paid jobs and more. -
Presidential Reconstruction
The 10% Plan, stated that only 10% of southern voters from the 1860 election needed to wear an oath to the Union and accept the terms of emancipating their slaves. After Lincoln was assassinated Andrew Jackson wanted to continue his plan but he granted pardons to those high ranking confederate officials who swore an oath to the Union, The goal was to preserve the Union. -
14th Amendment Passed
This Amendment granted citizenship to all former slaves, as long as you lived and was born in the U.S. you were considered a citizen. This was one of three amendments passed during the Reconstruction era to abolish slavery and establish, The amendment's first section includes several clauses: the Citizenship Clause, Privileges or Immunities Clause, Due Process Clause, and Equal Protection Clause. -
Congressional Reconstruction
This was was the period after the Civil War in which the federal government enacted and attempted to enforce equal suffrage on the ex-Confederate states, The goal for this was to punish the South. In Alabama, this period lasted from 1867 to the end of 1874 and was characterized by racial conflict and widespread terrorist activity. -
The 15th Amendment
This Amendment gave all African American men the right to vote, This amendment stops the federal government and each state from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's race, color, or for religious reasons. The 15th Amendment was a milestone for civil rights. but, it was not until the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed by Congress that the majority of African Americans would be truly free to register and vote in large numbers. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
This was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality. it prevented constitutional challenges to racial segregation for more than half a century until it was finally overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court in Brownv. the Supreme Court issued a 7–1 decision against Plessy that upheld the constitutionality of Louisiana's train car segregation laws.
