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Nov 27, 1487
the first ambulance
Hammond's greatest achievements to care for the wounded involved the transport of the wounded. The military command and control structure we re-worked and removed the responsibility to transport the wounded from line officers and placed that responsibility on the medical corps. A military occupational specialty (MOS) was created designating specific litter bearer and ambulance-wagon drivers. This MOS still exists in the military today. -
Nov 27, 1500
opium
it was a substance that help make the morphine -
Nov 27, 1522
morphine
Later it was found that morphine was more addictive than either alcohol or opium, and its extensive use during the American Civil War allegedly resulted in over 400,000 sufferers from the "soldier's disease" of morphine addiction. This idea has been a subject of controversy, as there have been suggestions that such a disease was in fact a fabrication; the first documented use of the phrase "soldier's disease" was in 1915. -
chloroform
Chloroform was discovered by three researchers independently of one another. Chloroform was reported in 1831 by the French chemist Eugène Soubeiran, who prepared it from acetone (2-propanone) as well as ethanol through the action of chlorine bleach powder (calcium hypochlorite).[9] The American physician Samuel Guthrie prepared gallons of the material and described its "deliciousness of flavor."[10] Independently, Justus von Liebig also described the same compound.[11] All early preparations use -
civil war nurses
Approximately two thousand women, North and South, served as volunteer nurses in military hospitals during the American Civil War. Seeking convention and direct involvement in the national struggle rather than the domestic support roles to which social minimum career opportunity had traditionally confined the majority of their sex, they experienced at first hand the grim constants of war -- amputated limbs, mutilated bodies, disease and death -- and provided invaluable aid to the sick and wound
