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Period: to
Underground Railroad
Description:
System of escape for slaves fleeing into northern states or Canada
Whites harbored slaves illegally to allow for passage
Roughly 100000 slaves fled via railroad
Violated Fugitive Slave Act
Increased sectionalism thru:
Slaveholders could not trust the north to return escaped slaves anymore
Thousands of court cases were filed, few of which came to fruition
The north was beginning to separate from the south in ideology so much that north was not obeying the same laws as the south (FSA) -
Cumberland Road
Description:
Federally funded because it passed through many states
Bridge between west and north
Connected the Potomac and Ohio rivers
Ran from Cumberland, MD to Vandalia, IL
Quick trade passage
Increased sectionalism thru:
Not connecting the south to the west
Opened up immense, quick trade to North
Trade benefited industry
Created a cheap way for northern workers to be fed
Left the south out from trade
Set the south back industrially
South still has very slow trade with north and west -
Tariff of Abominations
Description: Very high protective tariff
38% to 92% tax on imported goods
Response to Britain producing goods for low prices that were not achievable
Increased sectionalism thru:
Hated by south due to it being a raw material producer and finished good consumer
Favored by North due to the North being the industrial sector
Left south in a worse condition economically than north
Made southerners angry because they now needed to sell their raw goods for more to make profit
Unconstitutional to south -
Period: to
Mexican-American War
Description:
Gurney sweeps in through California
Taylor leads through disputed area (Texas) and wins at Palo Alto
Scott brings the Navy into Vera Cruz and dominates
We receive California and Texas territories
Increased sectionalism thru:
We now have all this new land and don't know whether it should be slave or free
Texas is created as one huge slave state to limit representation
California was created as one large free state to limit representation
Debated if these lands should be slave or free -
Mexican American War Image
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
Description:
Created Kansas and Nebraska as states
Opened up Midwest for farms and transcontinental railroad
Popular sovereignty to be applied to Kansas and Nebraska
Increased sectionalism thru:
The south sent border ruffians to disallow northerners from entering Kansas without being roughed up
North sent abolitionists there just to vote and outweigh southerners
Massacres occurred at farmsteads, families were slaughtered
Power grab for both north and south
Fight for blue or red representation -
Sumner v Brooks
Description:
In front of the Senate, Senator Charles Sumner insults Representative Preston Brooks with derogatory comments
Brooks hears about speech
Brooks walks over and beats Sumner on stage with his cane
Sumner ends up in a coma
Increased Sectionalism thru:
Showed that the south will do whatever it takes to get their way
Shows ferocity of the south to northerners
the south supports Brooks' actions
Brooks receives hundreds of canes and gets reelected
Shows south is willing to do anything -
Dred Scott v Sandford
Description:
Dred Scott is a slave
His owner dies
Family member in Illinois inherits Dred
Court decides that Dred is property, so he is constitutional forced to serve in Illinois, a free state
Increased sectionalism thru:
Slaves are legally property
Slaves could travel into northern states via property, making north not free anymore
Dictum is issued stating Dred had no case because blacks are so inferior to whites
Any state is now capable of being a slave state
Fear of slavery entering north -
Underground Railroad Image
