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Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) founded
Civil Rights: an enforceable right or privilege
The CORE was an African American civil rights organization and it helped a lot in the movement -
Jackie Robinson hired to the Brooklyn Dodgers
Color Line: used as a reference to the racial segregation that existed in the United States after the abolition of slavery
Jackie Robinson was important to the black world because he was hired to an MLB team which that was the first black man to ever come out of the negro leagues to play in the MLB. Jackie was also in the Army and was an idle to many black people -
Executive Order 9981
Segregation: the enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment.
The executive order 9981 was an executive order issued by President Harry S. Truman in 1948 ending segregation in the military. -
Advocates for Black Nationalism
Nation of Islam: a religious group, who are black muslims, that gave black people the right to do anything through them, like schooling and businesses
Malcom X: was a convict who was the leader of the Black Panther Party and the Nation of Islam
A part where they wanted complete separation from the white community and wanted nothing to do with them. -
Brown v. Board of Education Ruling
-Thurgood Marshall, argued for Brown in the case.
NAACP's lawyer
-Linda Brown wanted to go to a white to her home, case was agued in front of the Warren Court
-Result: Public Schools became de-segragated -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Boycott: a ban from something
Rosa Parks: A black woman who got arrested because she wouldn't give up her seat to a white person
Montgomery Bus Boycott was a boycott that escalated into an interrogation against the Montgomery, Alabama bus system -
Integration of Central High School
Little Rock Nine: a group of 9 black students that enrolled into a school
Integration of Central High School was when desegregation was going on and there was black kids trying to go to an all white school -
First Lunch Counter Sit-in
Jim Crow laws: were laws enforcing racial segregation
Sit-in: a form of protest
First Lunch Counter Sit-in was when black people went to protest against whites by breaking there white only rules and they kept doing it and didn't care what anyone thought -
Freedom Rides
Civil Disobedience: the refusal to follow laws
SNCC: Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
Freedom Rides was a protest that went against Congress in the southern interstates -
Birmingham Campaign: Letter from a Birmingham Jail
SCLC: Southern Christian Leadership Conference
This was a Campaign where people fought for rights and to be not discriminated -
March on Washington
NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
The March on Washington was a protest in Washington D.C where the black people protested for Jobs and Freedom. It is also where MLK made his "I have a dream" speech -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Plessy v. Ferguson: was a Supreme Court case about segregation and it upheld segregation
Civil Rights Act of 1964 was an act that banned discrimination on race, sex, or religion. -
Voting Rights of 1965
disenfranchise: the right to do something
The voting rights of 1965 was a period where congress got together and gave blacks the right to vote. -
Watts Riots + Kerner Commission
Ghettos: a part of a city where different races live
Watts Riots: A race riot in Watts, in Los Angeles
Kerner Commission: the National Advisory Commission on Civil disorders and what concluded white racism which was the cause of the Watts Riot
-This era was about how the blacks fought against the whites just like they have done before just using violence and starting a riot to show that they are really mad and want to be treated right. -
Black Panther Party Founded
Black Power: group of activists that were not focused on nonviolent protesting
SNCC: Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
- Blacks and the nation of Islam were influenced by the leaders Malcom X, Huey Newton, and Bobby Steale
- were okay with violence
- were looking to make a change
- developed a 10 point platform to achieve their goals -
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Discrimination: it is when people do not include a certain race, sex, or someone from a different origin.
-The Civil Rights Act of 1968 was an act that made blacks some what safe from all the discrimination and the blacks saw it as unconstitutional and that is when the whites saw it and they were allowed to go to the same school and have the same jobs and they were included in things. -
Swan v. Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education
Desegregation: ending the separation of people by race
-school and the black students who are being bussed to the school
-Bussing is a way for schools to desegregate -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Affirmative Action: it is an act to officially hire anyone they want to black or not.
The regents of the University of California v. Bakke was a Supreme Court that upheld affirmative action, declaring that race is one factor.
