-
13th Amendment
The 13th Amendment states that slavery and involuntary servitude will not exist in the United States. It abolished slavery in the United States. It also was the most important Amendment. -
14th Amendment
As a United States citizen they're given their rights to citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws. This was proposed in response to situations involving former slaves following the American Civil War. African Americans were given the same rights as whites. -
15th Amendment
Before the 15th Amendment Africans couldn't vote. This finally granted African Americans their rights to vote. It states that they can't be denied because of their race or color. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
A landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court. This upheld racial segregation laws for public places as long as the segregated places were in fact equal in quality. It is known for being the doctrine called "separate but equal". -
NAACP
Also known as the "National Association for the Advancement of Colored People." It's an American organization created to work towards the abolition of segregation and discrimination in matters such as housing, education, employment, voting, and transportation. This ensures African Americans their constitutional rights. -
19th Amendment
Granted women their rights to vote. Thus prohibiting any United States female to be denied her right to vote. Ratified after the women's rights movement. -
Malcolm X assassination
An African American nationalist and religious leader was assassinated by Black Muslims while speaking at the Organization of Afro-American Unity at the Audubon Ballroom in Washington Heights. H took the last name "X" to symbolize his stolen African identity. Malcom was killed by a Black Muslim because of their beliefs about advocated black nationalism and racial separatism and condemned Americans of European descent as "immoral devils." -
Civil Rights Act
Known as a landmark and civil rights law. It outlaws the discrimination based on peoples race, color, religion, sex and national origin. It does not allow unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
In Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks, a 42-year-old African American seamstress was seated in a segregated bus and refused to give up her seat to a white man. Racial segregation was still going on at the time. It sparked the 13-month Montgomery Bus Boycott and resulted in the the Civil Rights movement. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Was a landmark United States Supreme Court case. The Court declared that state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional and unfair. As a result segregation among races in schools was banned. -
MLK Jr. - "I have a Dream" speech
A speech delivered by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. During the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. He gave the speech at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. His speech expressed King's hope for America and the need for change. He states that there won't be rest or tranquility in America until Africans are granted their citizenship rights. -
Voting Rights
Signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson. In order to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote that is guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. -
Loving vs. Virginia
A landmark in regards to the civil rights decision of the United States Supreme Court. It knocked down all state laws banning interracial marriage. The decision caused an increase in interracial marriages in the U.S. and is remembered on "Loving Day." -
MLK Jr. Assassination
On April 4, at 6 p.m. King had a meeting with Abernathy and Jesse Jackson and stepped out onto the second floor balcony and was then shot by a sniper. The single bullet shattered his jaw, broke his neck and severed his jugular vein. Abernathy raised the alarm and King was rushed to hospital but dead soon after 7 p.m. He was 39 years old. -
Equal Rights Amendment
Passed by the U.S. Senate and is sent to the states to be ratified. Equality of rights under the law can not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any States towards any sex.
