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Supreme Court
Supreme Court outlaws school segregation in Brown vs. Borad of Education
-Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896
-Children were denied access to Topeka's white schools and Brown thought the racial segragation violted the constituion.
- resulted in the court declaring state laws saying separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. -
The Rev. George Lee
killed for leading voter-registration drive
Beizoni, Mississppi -
Lamar Smith
murdered for organizing black voters
Brookhaven, Mississippi -
Emmett Louis Till
murdered for speaking to a white women
Money, Mississippi -
John Earl Reese
slain by nightriders opposed to school improvements
Mayflower, Texas -
Rosa Park
Rosa Parks arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man
Montgomery, Alabama
-Rosa Parks, an African American women boarded the bus as usual and toke a seat, when a white man came on the bus and the driver told the black people to give up their seats fro the white man and Rosa sliently refused
-the police came and she was arrested and charged for violating the Jim Crow laws, this led to many riots and a boycott of Montgomery buses -
Bus boycott
Montgomery bus boycott begins -
Supreme Court Bans
Supreme court bans segregated seating on Montgomery buses -
Willie Edwards Jr.
killed by Klansmen
Montgomery, Alabama -
Civil Rights Act
Congress passes first civil rights act since reconstruction
-President Eisenhower signs the Civil Rights Act of 1957
-Protected the right for all Americans to vote and created an idea for federal enforcement of civil rights law by creating the Civil Rights Division in the Department of Justice, a Civil Rights Commission within the executive branch, and expanding federal enforcement authority to include civil lawsuits. -
Events at little Rock, Arkansas
President Eisenhower orders federal troops to enforce school desegregation in
Little Rock, Arkansas
-Arkansas Governor Orval M. Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to keep the nine African American students from entering the all white school
-President Dwight Eisenhower sent nearly 1,000 paratroopers and sent around10,000 Arkansas National Guard troops who were to ensure that the school would be open to the students -
Mack Charles Parker
Taken from jail and lynched
Poplaville, Mississippi -
Lunch Counter
Black students stage sit-in at "whites only" lunch counter in
Greersboro, North Carolina -
Bus terminals
Supreme Court outlaws segregation in bus terminals -
Freedom Riders
Freedom Riders attacked in Alabama while testing compliance with bus desegregation laws
-the freedom riders consisted of both blacks and whites who rode buses in the south testing the segragated bus laws
-Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC),
-there were both whites and blacks -
Herbert Lee
voter registration worker killed by white legislator
Liberty, Mississippi -
Registration drive
Civil rights group join forces to launch voter registration drive -
Cpl/ Roman Ducksworth Jr.
taken from bus and killed by police
Taylorsville, Mississippi -
James Meredith
riots erupt when James Meredith, a black student, enrolls at Ole Miss
-after he enrolled riots stated, ending with two people died and hundreds arrested and wounded
-the governmet called in 31,000 National Guardsman to put an end to this problem -
Paul Guihard
French reporters killed during Ole Miss riot
Oxford, Mississippi -
William Lewis Moore
Slain during one-man march against segregation
Artalis, Alabama -
Brimingham
Birmingham police attack marching children with dogs and fire hoses -
Alabama Governor
George Wallance stands in schoolhouse door to stop university integration -
Medgar Evers
Civil rights leader assassinated
Jackson, Mississippi
-Medgar Wiley Evers was an African-American civil rights activist who was from Mississippi and was also involved in trying to stop segregation at the University of Mississippi
-he was killed in the driveway of his own home by Byron De La Beckwith, who was a white supremacist -
Americans March
250,000 Americans march on Washington for civil rights
-the march was for jobs and freedom for African Americans
-Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech -
Addie Mae Collins, Denise cnair, Carole Robertson, Cynthis Wesley
Schoolgirls killed in bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptisit Church
Birmingham, Alabama -
Virgil Lamar Ware
youth killed during wave of racist violence
Birmingham, Alabama -
Poll Tax
Poll tax outlawed in federal elections -
Louis Allen
Witness to murder of civil rights worker assassinated
Liberty, Mississippi -
The Rev. Bruce Klunder
Killed protesting construction of segregrated school
Cleveland, Ohio -
Henry Hezekiah Dee & Charles Eddie Moore
Killed by Klansmen
Meadville, Mississippi -
Freedom Summer
Freedom Summer brings 1,000 young civil rights volunteers to MIssissippi -
James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner
Civil rights workers abducted and slain by Klansmen
Philadelphia, Mississippi -
Civil Rights Act
President Johnson signs Civil Rights Act of 1964
-President Lyndon Johnson passed this law
-the law stated that it was illegal for employment discrimination and segrargation of public places -
LT. Col. Lemuel Penn
Killed by Klansmen while driving north
Cobert, Georgia -
Jimmie Lee Jackson
Civil rights marcher killed by state trooper
Marion, Alabama -
Ineal Moore
Black deputy killed by nightriders
Varnado, Louisiana -
State trooper march
State troopers beat back marchers at Edmund Pettus Bridge
Selma, Alabama -
The Rev. James Reeb
March volunteer beaten to death
Selma, Alabama -
March to Selma
Thousands complete the Selma to Montgomery Voting Rights March
-in spite of mulitple registration to vote attempts by local blacks
-started with many arrests with little violence but it was later followed with police attacks and the Alabama state police then joined in with the local police
-President Lyndon Johnson addressed Congress, asking for federal voting rights legislation to protect African Americans from anything that may stop them from voting, this lead to the Voting Rights Act -
Viola Gregg Liuzzo
Killed by Klansmen while transporting marchers
Selma Highway, Alabama -
Voting RIghts Act
Congress passes Voting Rights ACt of 1965 -
Willie Brewster
killed by nightriders
Anniston, Alabama -
Jonathan Daniels
Seminary student killed by deputy
Hayneville, Alabama -
samuel Younge Jr.
Student civil rights activist killed in dispute
Tuskegee, Alabama -
Vernon Dahmer
Black community leader killed in Klan bombing
Harriesbrag, Mississippi -
Ben Chester White
killed by Klansmen
Natchez, Mississippi -
Clarence Triggs
Slain by nightriders
Begalusa, Lousiana -
Wharlest Jackson
Civil rights leader killed after promotion to "white" job
Natchez, Mississippi -
Benjamin Brown
Civil rights worker killed when police fired on protestors
Jackson, Mississippi -
First Black Supreme Court
Thurgood Marshall sworn in as first black Supreme Court justice
-he studied law and won the Brown vs. Board of Education case which ended segragation in schools
-Thurgood stood for African Americans and was very good at his job he won 14 of the 19 cases he argued before the Supreme Court on behalf of the government -
Samuel Hammond Jr. Delano Middleton, Henry Smith
Students killed when highway patrolmen fire on protestors
Orangeburg, South Carolina -
The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther KIng Jr.
Assasinated
Memphis, Tennesse
- On Thursday, April 4th 1968 he was shot dead when standing on a balcony outside his second floor room at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee
-This led to a large outburst of racial viloence effecting both whites and blacks across the country
