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Niagara Movement (1905)
http://www.blackpast.org/aah/niagara.movement-1905-1909
A civil rights group organized by W.E.B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter. They attempted to bring about legal change.
Over 2,000 African Americans fled the city and eight blacks were killed due to a race riot. So the National Association for the Advancement of colored people (NAACP) was formed.
this photo was chosen because it shows what the people want and what was happeneing. -
Jackie Robinson (1919-1972,1947
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie_Robinson
Famous baseball player who ended a 58-year absence of African Americans from playing MLB. He broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base. He also had a 10 year MLB career and was the first pro athlete to be so honored. This ended racial segregation in professional baseball. He was added to the baseball Hall of Fame.
Chose this photo because it is a photo of Jackie Robinson himself. -
Sweatt v. Painter (1950)
https://www.oyez.org/cases/1940-1955/339us629
In 1946 a black man named Herman M. Sweatt applied for admission to the University of Texas Law School. But the state law had restricted access only to whites. So his application was automatically rejected by the school.
Sweatt then asked the courts to order his admission.
As a result the university attempted to provide separate but equal facilities for black students.
Chose this photo because it shows Sweatt ahead of the white men. -
Rosa Parks (1913-2005, 1955)
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/rosa-parks-ignites-bus-boycot
In Montgomery Alabama Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man. Thoug seated in the colored section they still asked.
This was a violation to the racial segregation laws and it had her arrested. But MLJ was fascinated by her will and followed her journey throughout.
Chose this photo because it's a photo of Ms. Parks arrested by the police. -
Little Rock Nine (1957)
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/central-high-school-integration
Group of nine black students enrolled in Central High School in Little Rock.Their attendance three was a test of Brown v. Board of Education.On the first day of classes Governor Orval Faubus called in the Arkansas National Guard to block the black students’ entry into the high school.Later that month President Eisenhower sent federal troops to escort them in. The school later on became desegregated.
B/c it's the kids -
Freedom Ride (1961)
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-rides
Bus trips through South America to protest segregated bus terminals.Citizens known as Freedom Riders tried using white only areas in southern states.They were confronted by cops and violent white citizens. An angry mob chased after a bus filled with Freedom Riders.They bombed the bus but the freedom riders escaped.But they were also brutally beaten by the angry white mob.
Chose this photo because it shows the bus after it was bombed. -
March on Washington (1963)
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/march-on-washington 250,000 people gathered in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.They were there for jobs and freedom and to draw attention to the African Americans. MLK gave his I Have A Dream speech and JFK had to endorse the march reluctantly.
Chose this photo because it does a good job of showing the mass of people that attended the march with posters showing why they are there and what they want. -
Civil Rights Act (1964)
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-act
The Civil Rights Act banned segregation in all public places.The act also banned race, religion, gender discrimination etc. Also created an equal employment commission. segregation in public places came to an end and it banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin.
Chose this photo because it shows the Act in play with a white and black male working together for a change. -
"Bloody Sunday"-March from Selma, AL to Montgomery, AL (1965)
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/selma-montgomery-march
Protesters marched from Selma to Montgomery and were confronted with deadly violence. It raised awareness for black voters. President Lyndon Johnson had a session with Congress and called for a federal voting rights legislation to protect African Americans. In August Congress passed the Voting Rights Act which allowed all African Americans to be able to vote.
Chose this b/c it gives a visual of what happened. -
Black Panthers (1966)
https://www.history.com/topics/black-panthers
This group challenged police brutality against African Americans. The Black Panthers organized patrols of different U.S.cities. In 1968 they had 2,000 members. But due to shootouts, internal tensions, and FBI counterintelligence activities, the group declined. They were also declared a communist organization by the FBI.
chose this photo b/c it shows what they dressed like and the b/c of the writing at the top of the wall.
