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Period: to
Civil Rights
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3/5 compromise
declared that slaves and decencands of slaves were 3/5 of a person -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Book which displayed extreme examples of Southern Plantation owner's unfair treatment of African-American slaves -
Dred Scott decision
Declared that African-Americans were not and could not become U.S. citizens -
The Civil Rights Act
It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public -
13th amendment
The 13th Amendment to the Constitution declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Formally abolishing slavery in the United States, the 13th Amendment was passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865 -
14th amendment
gave equal protection to all citizens of the U.S. and granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed -
15th amendment
The 15th Amendment to the Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." -
Tuskeegee institute
private college that offered blacks an education -
Jim Crow segregatiion
allowed seperate but equal facilities which led to further segregation -
Plessy v. Ferguson
case which sided with the seperate but equal ruling -
Period: to
Harlem renaissance
an emerging of African-American culture -
1919 race riots
large race riot in chicago between black and white gangs -
Executive order 8802
prohibited racial discrimination in the national defense industry, promoted equal opportunity and prohibited employment discrimination in the United States -
End of WWII
end of wwii -
Jackie Robinson plays for the Brooklyn Dodgers
First African-American to play professional baseball -
Desegregation of Military (9981)
desegregation of the military ordered by truman -
Brown V. Board of Education
Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional -
Emmitt Till Death
Beating to death and dumping the body of African-American 14 year old Emmitt Till in a river, which sparked national controversy -
Rock n Roll Invented
Invention of Rock n Roll which was scapegoated as "the devil's music" and used to maliciously depict African-Americans -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama -
Little Rock 9
The Little Rock Nine were a group of African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957 -
white flight
the large-scale migration of whites to the suburbs -
Sit Ins
form of direct action that involves one or more people nonviolently occupying an area for a protest (non violent protest) -
Affirmative Action
used to promote actions that achieve non-discrimination. In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson enacted Executive Order 11246 which required government employers to take "affirmative action" to hire without regard to race, religion and national origin. In 1967, gender was added to the anti-discrimination list. -
Freedom riders
Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961 -
I Have a Dream Speech
Famous speech given by Martin Luther King jr. in washington D.C. -
24th amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax. -
54th massachusetts
the 54th Regiment was an infantry made up of mostly free blacks from the Massachusetts and Pennsylvania areas -
Voting Rights Act
outlawed discriminatory voting practices that had been responsible for the widespread disenfranchisement of African Americans in the U.S. -
Black power/ Black Panthar movement
Civil Rights movement that used violence to send messages rather than non-voilent protests -
Watts Riots
six-day riot of African-Americans that resulted in 34 deaths, 1,032 injuries, 3,438 arrests, and over $40 million in property damage -
Thurgood Marshall becomes 1st Black Justice
1st black justice of the U.S. -
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
Assassination of MLK which turned him into a martyr -
mexico city olympics
1968 Summer Games in which the black power movement's signal of a black power was given on the podium -
Period: to
Vietnam War
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Election of Barack Hussein Obama
First African-American President of the U.S.