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13th Amendment(A.A.)
Slavery and involuntary servitude are outlawed from the United States, and become crimes. Also stated that slavery is only acceptable as punishment for a crime where the party was duly convicted. -
14th Amendment(All)
Rights of citizenship, due process of law, and equal protection of the law. The 14th amendment has become one of the most used amendments in court to date regarding the equal protection clause. -
15th Amendment(A.A.)
Granted African American men the right to vote. Also specifically stated voting rights can be denied on account of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” -
Plessy v. Ferguson(A.A.)
Supreme Court ruling that upheld laws that promoted segregation between races. Ruled that facilities could be segregated as long as they were equal in conditions. “Separate but equal” -
NAACP Created(A.A.)
Also known as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, made to advance justice for nonwhites, more specifically African Americans. Founded by W.E.B. Dubois, Ida B. Wells, and many others. -
19th Amendment(W)
The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote after decades of struggling for their equality. It declared that no citizen of the United States shall be denied the right to vote based solely upon their sex. -
Executive Order 9981(A.A., N.A., and C)
This order was presented and issued by U.S. President Harry S. Truman, and ended segregation within the U.S. Armed Forces based upon “race, color, religion, or National Origin.” This order was largely influenced by the success of the Tuskegee Airmen, a troop of military pilots composed solely of African Americans. These brave soldiers showed that minorities could become just as, if not more successful than whites in the Armed Forces. -
Brown v. Board of Education(A.A.)
This court case was a turning point in Civil Rights history, as it ruled segregation within public schools unconstitutional. Not only did it give young African Americans a chance to achieve an equal education, but it also showed that with enough determination, changes could be made to end segregation. -
Montgomery Bus Boycotts(A.A.)
This boycott was established in order to show the public transit system that African Americans would no longer stand for the discrimination on the buses. Because the public transit system lost so many customers due to the boycott, they were forced to abolish the segregation within their buses in order to bring back African Americans as well as their money. -
Greensboro, NC Sit-ins(A.A.)
The Greensboro Sit-in was a form of protest by young African Americans that refused to leave a segregated lunch counter after being denied service. This sparked many others to take the same actions at other segregated public establishments. -
Chicano Movement(Mural Movement(C)
This movement was spurred by the Mexican-American people of the U.S. in hopes to further the success of the Mexican-American Civil Rights Movement through empowerment. This movement was characterized by protests, boycotts, and murals that promoted Mexican-American history and well-being. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee(S.N.C.C.) formed(A.A.)
The SNCC was formed to give the African American youth a larger voice in the Civil Rights Movement. The members of the SNCC were fighting for their future and felt they should have a large influence on Civil Rights affairs. -
Freedom Riders(A.A.)
The Freedom Riders were a group of Civil Rights Activists that hoped to end segregation in the deep south. They rode into the cities and towns on buses, and were often met with verbal assault, bombs, fire, and other forms of harassment. -
March on Washington: “I have a dream” speech(A.A.)
Dr. King’s “I Have a Dream” speech was one of the most influential speeches in history. He declared a need for Civil Rights and equality of all citizens within the U.S. -
Dr. King’s: “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”(A.A.)
Dr. King’s letter justified the nonviolent resistance of the unjust laws of the U.S. He states that the citizens of the United States have the moral responsibility to take action against the wrongdoings of the National Government. Furthermore, he declares that this is just a setback, and they must continue the fight for desegregation not only for themselves but also for future generations. -
24th Amendment(A.A.)
The 24th Amendment prohibited both Congress and individual states from instituting a poll tax for voting. This was a popular method in the segregated south to prevent African Americans from voting. Knowing that most African Americans would be unable to pay the tax and not be able to vote, they were inadvertently segregating the voting system stripping African Americans of their rights to vote. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964(A.A., N.A., and C)
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed the discrimination of a person based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This gave everyone true equality within the U.S. Citizens were no longer denied service or discriminated against based on who they were as a person. -
Black Panthers(A.A.)
The Black Panther Party was a political party founded in 1966 by Huey P. Newton that aimed to promote self-defense of African Americans of the U.S. Rather than take the nonviolent, peaceful approach like Martin Luther King Jr., they believed in socialism, nationalism, and self-defense through means of arming themselves. -
Thurgood Marshall appointed to the Supreme Court(A.A.)
Thurgood Marshall was the first African American appointed to the Supreme Court and was heavily influential in ending segregation and discrimination throughout the Civil Rights Movement. Furthermore, he was crucial to the ruling of Brown v. Board, a court case that became a historical part of the struggle for equality during the Civil Rights Movement. -
MLK Assassinated(A.A.)
Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in April of 1968 in Memphis, TN. He was and still is arguably the most influential figure during the Civil Rights Movement, and this was shown by the riots that emerged as a result of his death. His legacy remains, however, and many of his works and influences can still be seen today in society.
