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White Primary is abolished in Georgia
The white primary was what overruled African Americans’ right to vote in primary elections. Because of this, it basically overrules the 14th Amendment by taking away a right to vote. A man named Primus E. King decided to put an end to this by trying to cast his ballot. However, because he did this, groups began to follow his lead and take action. Two years later, the court ruled in his favor and the African Americans were able to vote as equally as whites. -
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Integration of the Armed Forces
June 26, 1948. Harry S. Trueman signed the order that abolished slavery in the American Army. However, he knew this would take time to fix and, as he thought, possibly another war. The war that fixed this problem was the Korean War. Since this war occurred, there are schools that will teach both white and African America soldiers together.
Info: http://tw0.us/Xr
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Brown v. Board of Education
A young African American girl named Linda Brown lived in Kansas. She had to travel across a city to reach her school, while white children only walked a block. The parents of the girl sued and started up the case. When a member of the court died, Gov. Earl Warren took over the other’s place. After a while, Warren was able to get a unanimous vote to stop segregation in schools. The Supreme Court stated that segregation in schools was disregarding the 14th amendment. -
Brown vs Board of Education continued
The decision from the Court overruled the Plessey v. Ferguson. In the end, separation of races in schools was beginning to end around the United States.
Info: http://tw0.us/Vb
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Murder of Emmett Till
A fourteen-year-old African American boy was visiting his family down in Mississippi. While he was outside, he was kidnapped and killed by J. W. Milam and Roy Bryant. After that, they threw the teen’s body into a river. Apparently, the men who killed the young man did it because he whistled at a white woman. The murderers were arrested and did not feel any shame what so ever.
Info: http://tw0.us/Xn
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Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
One night, Rosa Parks boarded a bus and sat down. As it was, once all of the seats in the whites’ part of the bus are taken, they can sit near the front. A man came on the bus and wanted her seat. The driver of the bus told her to move, but she refused. From her protests, she was given a fine. In the same year, Martin Luther King Jr. put together the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Anyone doing the boycott would simply not use the bus to transport themselves across the town. -
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott continued
The protesters want the blacks to be treated with respect like whites. In the end, King was arrested and fighting was brought upon the protesters. By 1956, segregation on buses was nullified.
Info: http://tw0.us/SQ
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Change to Georgia's Flag
John Sammons Bell decided that it was time to change the flag to represent the Confederates. However, many people disagreed with this because they thought that it would give people outside of Georgia the idea that they were against integration. During this time, the Brown v. Board of Education was occurring and the governor was preoccupied with the case to worry about the flag. Today the Georgia flag has undergone a couple more changes but still has a little representation of the Confederacy. -
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Crisis at Central High School and the“Little Rock Nine”
The main cause of the crisis was the nine African American students who entered the school. The governor called on the National Guard to remove the nine. The school board had an idea of how to slowly undo segregation in six years. The students could, however, choose to transfer to a school where more of their races are. Technically, that still meant that the blacks would be segregated from the other students. The nine could not go to school for two weeks and had to learn on their own. -
Crisis at Central High School and the“Little Rock Nine” continued
When they returned, they were bullied and needed guards, but the guards weren’t always there to protect them.
Info: http://tw0.us/Xa
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Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL bombed
A synagogue was blown up one morning with dynamite. This place was the oldest synagogue in Atlanta. It didn’t do a lot of damage to the building itself, but many people became frightened because of this. A phone call was received from an underground group. They stated that this was the last warning and wanted all nightclubs to fire black employees or the place will be blown up.
Info: http://tw0.us/Vo
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Sibley Commission
Many school leaders had stated that they didn’t want to fuse together African Americans and whites in their schools. The Georgia General Assembly decided that schools that did integrate wouldn’t get any money. Since this happened, the Sibley Commission was born. The whole thing was run by John Sibley. Georgians were interview on their opinions and found that they wanted schools that did integrate to be closed.
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Integration of The University of Georgia
Two African American students, Hunter and Holmes, were let into the University of Georgia. However, Georgia officials would rather close down the University than to let the two participate. Both students graduated from UGA and became successful in life.
Information: http://tw0.us/XX
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Freedom Riders
This was a Civil Rights movement group that was brought together by Congress on Racial Equality (CORE). The leader of the new group was James Farmer. He took a few volunteers with him to southern states to begin protests. CORE was protesting African American rights on the bus and in restaurants by visiting white only ones. Their protesting caused myriads of people to mob the buses they traveled in. Some local men fought the Freedom Riders with clubs, bricks, etc. and burned down a bus. -
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Albany Movement
Thousands of African Americans began protesting in Albany, Georgia. People were becoming bolder when it came to exercising the law. When a group of protesters sat down in the whites’ part of the bus, they were all arrested. Dr. William Anderson became the leader of the Albany movement. During December, the protests turned into sit ins and 1,000 blacks were arrested along with MLK. The movement led to the problems African Americans face, to be brought forward.
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Birmingham, AL protests
The whole idea of the protests in Birmingham was to show the SCLC about the unfair treatment of blacks. MLK Jr. led groups during these protests using non-violent methods. As the protests went on, students were recruited into the protests. Mainly, if children were put in jail, then it wouldn’t impact their family greatly. All of the protesters, children, teens, and adults alike, we attacked by dogs, or police and sprayed with fire hoses.
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Birmingham, AL protests continued
Enormous amounts were arrested and the jails began to over flow. Finally, May came and white leaders relented to the wants of the protesters. More opportunities were opened up to blacks in the course of 90 days. -
March on Washington DC
The March on Washington was caused by people wanting jobs and education changes. 250,000 people attended to observe the protest. This was the scene where Martin Luther King Jr. gave his “I have a dream” speech. The speeches given were broadcasted out to others in the United States to send around the message.
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16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed
The 16th Street Baptist Church was a headquarters for civil rights leaders. A man had placed what was later known as a bomb at the front of the church. When it activated, it killed 4 teens that were near it. The person who did it was a member of the Ku Klux Klan and was arrested for the crime.
Information: http://tw0.us/V1
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John F. Kennedy assassinated
Kennedy was riding in his car in Dallas, Texas, when he was shot three times. John was going to the center of town when the shots occurred. A sniper was in the window of a building. The person who is believed of committing the crime is Lee Harvey Oswald. He was arrested immediately, but was shot a few days later.
Information: http://tw0.us/XP
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Civil Rights Act 1964 passed
This act was thought of by Kennedy before he died. It was created to entrust the government with the power to end segregation in the south. President Johnson signed the act once he realized he wanted to change the segregation.
Information: http://tw0.us/XM
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Voting Rights Act of 1965 passed
This act covered the literacy tests and poll taxes that the people had to see if someone could vote. President Johnson thought that you only needed to be an American citizen to vote. Lyndon B. Johnson also signed the voting rights act. Information: http://tw0.us/XK
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Summerhill Race Riot
For four days, a riot broke out in a neighborhood called Summerhill. This occurred because the SNCC was accused of making the police use force against them. One person died and around 20 were hurt because of the riot.
Info: http://tw0.us/XF
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MLK assassinated
One evening, Martin Luther King Jr. was shot in Memphis, Tennessee. King and his friends were preparing for dinner when a car below, full of white men, pulled up in the parking lot. The city of Atlanta was mournful of the peaceful man’s death. In other cities around the country, large riots sprung up causing loads of damage.
Info: http://tw0.us/Xz
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All GA Schools Integrated
The schools in Georgia began to be integrated with the Brown v. Board of Education case. Although, the progress with integration was barely a trickle in 1971. All the schools in the Peach State began to let in African Americans because of the fact that they deserved it. In Georgia, students of all races were able to learn in the same school without being harassed by each other.
Info: http://tw0.us/ZU
Picture: http://tw0.us/X6
