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The 13th amendment
-outlawed slavery everywhere in the United States -
14th amendment
- protects certain rights of the people -with three important clauses
- what it means to be a US citizen
-
15th amendment
- protects the rights of Americans to vote -Any American cannot be denied the right to vote
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Plessy vs Ferguson
-was a landmark constitutional law case
-upheld state racial segregation laws
-victory for supporters of racial segregation -
Mendez vs. Westminster School District
- federal court case -challenged Mexican remedial schools -in Orange County
-
Armed forces integrated
- Truman issues executive order requiring integrated units in the armed forces
-
Brown vs. Board of Education
-fought for the violation of the 14th amendment
-saying that segregation of public schools are unconstitutional -
Montgomery bus boycott
-started with Rosa Parks being arrested
-a 381-day bus boycott
-organized by Martin Luther King, Jr -
Little Rock 9
-9 african american teenagers are able to go to Little Rock's Central High School
-in Arkansas
-to start desegregation -
March on Washington
-More than 200,000 blacks and whites gather before Lincoln Memorial
- protest racial injustice
-MLK said his I Have a Dream speech -
Birmingham Church Bombing
-bombing was an act of white supremacist terrorism
- in Birmingham, Alabama
-killed 4 black girls
-killers were members of the kkk -
Three civil rights activists found dead
-All were members of the Congress of Racial Equality
-killed by members of KKK
-got sentenced to no more than 6 years -
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
-signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson
-overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from voting -
The Watts riots
-in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles
-it was five days of violence
-left 34 dead
-1,032 injured
-4,000 arrested
-$40 million worth of property destroyed -
The Black Panthers
-founded in Oakland, California
founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale
-purpose was to patrol African American neighborhoods to protect residents from acts of police brutality -
MLK assassinated
- King is shot -people go on riots
