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Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme Court outlaws school segregation in Brown v. Board of Education
1. Plessy v. Ferguson
2. Oliver Brown's child was denied access to Topeka's white schools
3. Racial segregation in public educational facilities was unconstitutional -
The Rev. George Lee Killed
Killed for leading voter-registration drive Belzoni, Mississippi -
Lamar Smith Murdered
Murdered for organizing black voters Brookhaven, Mississippi -
Emmett Louis Till Murdered
Murdered for speaking to white woman Money, Mississippi -
John Earl Reese Slayed
Slain by nightriders opposed to school improvements Mayflower, Texas -
Rosa Parks Arrested
Arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man Montgomery, Alabama
1. Parks sat in the reserved areas for blacks, but was then ordered to move to make more room for the white section that had run out of seats. She refused and was threatened by the bus driver. He called the police and Rosa was arrested.
2. She was arrested and the Montgomery Bus Boycott was organized -
Montgomery Bus Boycott Begins
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Mongomery Buses
Supreme Court bans segegated seating on Montgomery buses -
Willie Edwards JR. Killed
Killed by Klansmen Montgomery, Alabama -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Congress passes first civil rights act since reconstuction
1. Congress
2. Established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and allowed Federal Prosecuters to obtain injunctions against denying someone the right to vote- Voting Rights Bill -
Events At Little Rock, Arkansas
President Eisenhower orders federal troops to enforce school desegregation in Little Rock, Arkansas
1. Eisenhower sent federal troops to protect the first 9 black children to go to a white school. The children stayed at the school the entire school year.
2. They sent federal troops- 101st Airborne Division -
Mack Charles Parker Taken
Taken from jail and lynched Poplarville, Mississippi -
Black Student Sit-In
Black students stage sit-in at "whites only" lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina -
Supreme Court Outlaws Segregation In Bus Terminals
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Attack of the Freedom Riders
Freedom Riders attacked in Alabama while testing compliance with bus desegregation laws
1. Group of people who rode buses/ public transportation in the South to challange local laws/ customs that enforced segregation
2. Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and Student Nonviolent Coordinating Commitee (SNCC)
3. Whites who didn't believe in segregation joined the rides, too -
Herbert Lee Killed
Voter registration worker killed by white legislator Liberty, Mississippi -
Civil Rights Groups Join Forces To Launch Voter Registration Drive
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Cpl. Roman Ducksworth Jr. Taken/ Killed
Taken from bus and killed by police Taylorsville, Mississippi -
James Meridith Enrolls
Riots erupt when James Merideth, a black student, enrolls at Ole Miss -
James Meredith Enrolls At Ole Miss
Riots erupt when James Meredith, a black student, enrolls at Ole Miss
1. Riots erupted and 2 were killed, hundreds wounded, and many arrested
2. Kennedy ordered about 31,000 National Guardsmen and other federeal forces to enforce order -
Paul Guihard French Killed
Reporter killed during Ole Miss riot Oxford, Mississippi -
William Lewis Moore Slayed
Slain during one-man march against segregaton Artalla, Alabama -
Birmingham Police Attack
Attack marching children with dogs and fire hoses -
George Wallace Stop University Integration
Alabame governer George Wallace stands in schoolhouse door to stop university integration -
Medgar Evers Assassinated
Medgar Evers, civil rights leader, assassinated Jackson, Mississippi
1. Misssissippi's NAACP field secretary- went to people's houses and asked for support
2. He was shot outside his home in 1963. When he got home from a meeting, he was carring NAACP t-shirts and was shot by Beckwith. He was taken to a hospital and denied access until it was explained who he was. He later died at the hospitlal. Beckwith went free until 1994 -
The March On Washington
250,000 Americans march on Washington for civil rights
1. Jobs and freedom in the nation's capital; pressuring Kennedy to initiate a strong federal civil rights bill in Congress
2. "I Have A Dream" speech by Martin Luther King Jr, -
Virgil Lamar Ware Killed
Youth killed during wave of racist violence Birmingham, Alabama -
4 School Girls Killed
Addie Mae Collins, Denise McNair, Carole Robertson, and Cynthia Wesley schoolgirls killed in bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church Birmingham, Alabama -
Poll Tax Outlawed In Federal Elections
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Louis Allen Witnessed Murder
Witness to murder of civil rights worker assassinated Liberty Mississippi -
The Rev. Bruce Klunder Killed
Killed protesting construction of segregated school Cleveland, Ohio -
Henry Hezekiah Dee and Charles Eddie Moore Killed
Killed by Klansmen Meadville, Mississippi -
Freedom Summer
Freedom Summer brings 1,000 young civil rights volunteers to Mississippi -
3 Men Abducted and Slayed
James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner civil rights workers abducted and slain by Klansmen Philadelphia, Mississippi -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
President Johnson signs Civil Rights Act of 1964
1. President Johnson
2. Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin; ended racial segregation on the workplace, schools, or public places -
Lt. Col. Lemuel Penn Killed
Killed by Klansmen while driving north Colbert, Georgia -
Jimmie Lee Jackson Killed
Civil rights marcher killed by state trooper Marion, Alabama -
March To Selma
State troopers beat back marchers at Edmund Pettus Bridge Selma, Alabama
1. Jimmie Lee Jackson was shot and this raised the anger of blacks. James Bevel along with MLK decided to organize the march as a non-violent way to revolt
2. Governer Wallace didn't want the march to take place, so he ordered Highway Patrol to use any measures necessary to prevent it. This resulted in "Bloody Sunday" where officers beat the marchers.
3. Johnson passed the Voting Rights Act -
The Rev. James Reeb Killed
March volunteer beaten to death Selma, Alabama -
Selma Complete
Thousands complete the Selma to Montgomery Voting Rights March -
Viola Gregg Liuzzo Killed
Killed by Klansmen while transporting marchers Selma Highway, Alabama -
Oneal Moore Killed
Black deputy killed by nightriders Varnado Louisiana -
Congress Passes Voting Rights Act of 1965
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Willie Brewster Killed
Killed by nightriders Anniston Alabama -
Jonathan Daniels
Seminary student killed by deputy Hayneville, Alabama -
Samuel Younge Jr. Killed
Student civil rights activist killed in dispute Tuskegee, Alabama -
Vernon Dahmer Killed
Black community leader killed in Klan bombing Hattiesburg, Mississippi -
Ben Chester White Killed
Killed by Klansmen Natchez, Mississippi -
Clarence Triggs Slayed
Slayed by nightriders Bogalusa, Louisiana -
Wharlest Jackson Killed
Civil rights leader killed after promotion to 'white' job Natchez, Mississippi -
Benjamin Brown Killed
Civil rights worker killed when police fired on protesters Jackson, Mississippi -
Thurgood Marshall First Black Supreme Court Justice
Thurgood Marshall sworn in as first black Supreme Court Justice
1. Lawyer that known for his success rate in front of the Supreme Court and the Brown v. Board victory
2. Because it gained extreme reconition for blacks and was a huge advancment for the Civil Rights Movement -
3 Boys Killed
Samuel Hammond Jr,, Delano Middleton, and Henry Smith students killed when highway patrolmen fire on protesters Orangeburg, South Carolina -
The Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King
The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. assassinated Memphis, Tennessee
1. MLK was giving a speech at the Lorraine Motel and when on the balcony, he was shot by James Earl Ray. The bullet severed his juglar and he later died at the hospital. Ray was caught 2 months later
2. Whites liked him because he kept peace, where violence easily could've been. Blacks loved him because he helped them gain many freedoms and rights, both legally and socially. His death shook the fears of all people.
