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Plessy Vs. Ferguson
The U.S. Supreme Court issued a landmark decision. It upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws in public facilities, as long as the segregation facilities were equal in quality - doctrine that became known as " separate but equal". -
The Integration of Major League Baseball
Debut day of Jackie Robinson into Major League Baseball in 1947 that integrated baseball and broke a sixty year ban against African American baseball players. -
The Integration of the Armed Forces
Also known as the Executive Order 9981. This order gave every member (race) in the armed forces the equal treatment and opportunity as everyone else. -
Sweatt v. Painter
An African American named Herman Sweat wanted to go to law school at the University of Austin, Texas. But the school didn't want a black student to attend a white school so, they created a separate school to keep him out. The court stated that the school failed to qualify as " separate but equal". -
Brown v. Board of Education
Landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson, marked the end of legal segregation in public schools. Key turning point in the Civil Rights Movement. -
The Bus Boycott of Montgomery, Alabama
At this time segregation was still taking place everywhere, including transportation. So when Rosa Parks a African American seamstress refused to move from a white seat, she was arrested. After this African Americans began to boycott the city's public buses. It lasted around 13 months. -
The Integration of Little Rock High School
At this time the Brown Decision was being delayed in the South. So when nine African American students wanted to attend the all- whites Little Rock High School, Governor Orval Faubus ordered the National Guard to surround the school to keep them out. So in response President Eisenhower sent federal troops to help them. They eventually called the students, " The little rock nine". -
The Civil Rights Act of 1957
The Civil Rights Act of 1957 increased African American voting in the south. This was one of the first legislature acts that was passed since Reconstruction. It also gave federal court the power to register African American voters. Set the pattern of future legislation. -
The Freedom Rides of 1960
Inter-racial groups sought to overturn racial segregation in public transportation. So that the federal government would be forced to intervene. Though this would mean risk of violence and even death from those who opposed integration, they still took the risk. -
The Greensboro Four
The Greensboro Four where four African American students who did a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina. Refusing to give up their seats they where denied service. -
The Twenty- Fourth Amendment
The Twenty- Fourth Amendment was a Anti-Poll tax amendment. This eliminated any poll taxes that stopped African Americans from voting. Such as putting a price for voting. -
The Integration of the University of Mississippi
James Meredith, an African American man, attempted to enroll at the all-white University. Unfortunately, a riot broke out and two were killed and many others were injured. All this eventually came to a halt when Kennedy sent 31,000 National Guardsman to enforce order. -
The Integration of the University of Alabama
At the University of Alabama two African American students wished to attend the school but, George Wallace refused to let them attend. He put National Guard troops around the school to prevent them from getting in. -
The March on Washington
Dr. King and other civil rights movement leaders planned a march to Washington. A quarter million (250,000) people attended. The talk about freedom and equal rights for all. -
The Assassination of John F. Kennedy
In Dallas, Texas John F. Kennedy the 35th president was killed by Lee Harvey Oswald a white racist that hate African Americans. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
This prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, or ethnic origin in hotels, restaurants, and all places of employment doing business with federal government or engaged in interstate commerce. -
The Assassination of Malcolm X
Malcolm was a minister of black Muslim. Unlike Martin Luther King. Malcolm believed strongly in meeting violence with violence when it came to gaining civil rights for African- Americans. Once a slave himself he changed his last name "X". But before Malcolm could succeed in gaining and rights. He was assassinated by rival Black Muslims. -
The March on Selma, Alabama
Dr. King went to Selma, Alabama to organize a march for the freedom of voting for African Americans. Demonstrators were attacked, President Johnson reacted by introducing the voting rights bill. -
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
This act ended poll taxes and end literacy tests that prevented African Americans from voting. The Fifteenth Amendment guaranteed that. This increased the number of African Americans that voted. -
The Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
On April 1968, at the Lorraine Hotel in Memphis, Tennessee. Dr. Luther King Jr, was assassinated by a white supremacist. His death caused race riots across the nation, events such as smashing windows, overturning cars, destroying property, stating fires, and dozens of deaths occurred. -
The Passage of Title IX
Major landmark in women's rights in education as Title IX banned sex discrimination in educational institutions. Promoted gender equity by guaranteeing girls in schools the same opportunities as boys, especially in varsity high school and college sports.
