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Emmett Till Murder
Emmet Till was a 14 year-old boy who was murdered while visiting family in Mississippi. After being killed by a group of older white men, his mom put his body on display to show what those people did to her son.
Violence by opposition -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
A 13 month long protest against the use of the bus system in Montgomery, Alabama. This protest was sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks and led by The Montgomery Improvement Association.
Protest -
Creation of the Montgomery Improvement Association
A group formed by black ministers including Martin Luther King, Jr. in Montgomery. Alabama. Helped guide successful protests like the Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped led to the end of segregation in Alabama.
No Violence -
Founding of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
An offshoot organization formed after the success of the MIA to give better support across the entirety of the South. It was formed by many prominent Civil Rights leaders and activists that led to the end of segregation in the South.
No Violence -
Little Rock Nine Crisis
A group of nine black students who had been enrolled in a school in Little Rock, Arkansas that was a formerly all white school. The Arkansas governor called in the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the students from getting in. This resulted in president Johnson calling on the National Guard to escort the students into the school.
Violence by Opposition -
Greensboro Sit-In
In Greensboro, North Carolina a group of college students decided to sit at a segregated lunch counter in Woolworth's. They were met with much backlash and arrested but made national news resulting in desegregation in public areas,
Protest -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Congress pass the Civil Rights Act in 1964 the prohibit discrimination based on race, sex, religion, or ethnicity. The help lead to desegregation in public areas and gave more rights to people who didn’t have as many before.
Legislation -
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
The largest gathering at the time fro Civil Rights and led to the infamous I Have a Dream speech. About 250,000 people showed up to speak out against employment issues and helped the public support the Civil Rights bill.
Protest -
Assassination of Malcolm X
In the Harlem Audubon Ballroom in New York in 1965 Malcolm X was shot to death by 3 men. The 3 men were members of the Nation of Islam and the main one was Thomas Hagan.
Violence by Opposition -
Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
In April, 1968 at the Lorraine Motel Martin Luther King, Jr. was shot while standing on the balcony. This led to an uprising of racial violence and almost 40 major deaths around the USA.
Violence by Opposition -
Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools
The Supreme Court decided in 1971 that bus programs had to take all students to the closet school near them. This helped speed up desegregation in schools and led to schools becoming more integrated.
Court Case -
Shirley Chisolm’s Presidential Campaign
Shirley Chrisholm was the first African American women to serve in Congress in 1968, and she would serve for 14 more years. In 1972 she ran as a presidential nominee but was bested by Senator George McGovern.
Achievement -
Hank Aaron’s Home Run Record
In 1974 Hank Aaron broke Babe Ruth’s home run record of 714 by hitting his 715th home run. He would later go on to hit his 755th home run marking the new record after that. Achievement -
Barbara Jordan’s Address at the Democratic National Convention
Barbara Jordan was the first African American woman to deliver a keynote address to the Democratic National Convention. She was also the first African American woman from the South to be elected to Congress.
No Violence -
University of California Regents vs. Bakke
A Supreme Court Case where the court decided that the Regents of the University of California could not use someones race as a reason to deny them admissions. The court decided that this went against the Equal Right Clause in Fourteenth Amendment and was unconstitutional.
Court Case