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13th Amendment
Abolishment of slavery -
Black Codes
These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt -
14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed. -
15th Amendment
granting African-American men the right to vote. -
Jim Crow Laws
State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. -
Lynching
punishment that is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob, often by hanging, in order to punish an alleged transgressor, or to intimidate a minority group. -
Plessy Vs Ferguson
Plessy who was mixed classified himself as a black man refused to sit in a certain place on a bus. This was the beginning of when black people started speaking up agains segregation. The vote was 7 to 1 -
George Wallace
Governor of Alabama. He ran for President 4 times, was a pro-segregationist. He was the one who said, “I say segregation today, segregation tomorrow, and segregation forever.” -
19th Amendment
Guarantees all American women the right to vote -
Betty Friedan
Her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the second wave of American feminism in the 20th century. -
Cesar Chavez
an American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist, who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association. -
Civil Disobedience
the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power. -
20th Amendment
A simple amendment that sets the dates at which federal US government elected offices end. In also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies -
Federal Housing Authority
A United States government agency created as part of the National Housing Act of 1934. It sets standards for construction and underwriting and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building. -
Thurgood Marshall
He began arguing several cases before the Supreme Court. His biggest victory was Brown vs. Board of Education -
Orval Faubus
He was the governor of Arkansas. He was also known for his stand in the desegregation of Little Rock High School where he ordered Arkansas National Guard to stop African American students from entering the school. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
This was an arguement over racial segregation in schools. Multiple parents believed that there was descrimination & segregation in school. The US Supreme Court Declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. The ending date of this event was on May 17th, 1954 -
Rosa Park
Rosa Parks was not only famous for refusing to give up her seat on the bus, but was also the secretary for NAACP in 1943. She was a civil rights activist. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
An event in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement this was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. This lasted 381 days was very successful. The Supreme Court Outlawed Segregation on local bus lines. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
introduced in Eisenhower's presidency and was the act that kick-started thecivil rights legislative. -
Sit-ins
the tactic of non-violent student sit-ins spread. This is when blacks sat in a whites only restaurant and demanded to be served with no violence of course. This happened in Woolworth's in Greensboro, North Carolina. -
Affirmative Action
or positive discrimination is the policy of favoring members of a disadvantaged group who suffer from discrimination within a culture. President Kennedy introduced it -
24th Amendment
itizens in some states had to pay a fee to vote in a national election. This fee was called a poll tax. The United States ratified the 24th Amendment to the Constitution prohibiting any poll tax in elections for federal officials. -
Desegregation
The process of ending the separation of two groups usually referring to races. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The provisions of this civil rights act forbade discrimination on the basis of sex as well as race. Signed by Lyndon Johnson -
Upward Bound
A national program that more than doubles the chances of low-income, first-generation students graduating from college so they can escape poverty and enter the middle class. Began as part of Lyndon B. Johnson’s War on Poverty -
Nonviolent Protest
The practice of achieving goals through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, without using violence. -
Lester Madox
He was the governor of Georgia. Former restaurant owner who refused to serve Blacks. Segregationist, but he oversaw many improvements to Black employment rights as governor. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader, preacher, Advocated nonviolent civil disobedience and demanded equal rights for Blacks including desegregation in all public facilities and life, He was also arrested multiple times. On April 4th, 1968 he was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee standing outside his balcony in his hotel. -
26th Amendment
The 26th Amendment changed a portion of the 14th Amendment. Gave you the right to vote at 18. -
Title IX (9)
Is a comprehensive federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.
