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Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company
Sarah Keys Evan, a Women’s Army Corps (WAC) private was going home from Fort Dix to North Carolina to see her family. She was told to move to the back of the bus for a white male marine boarding. She refused and was escorted by police to the police station. Her case was settled in 1955. The ICC favored Keys Evans, ruling the Interstate Commerce Act forbids segregation.
P
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Emmett Till’s Murder
Emmett Till was a 14-year-old boy, visiting his family in Mississippi when a white female accused him of harassing her. The woman's relatives were told and abducted Till, beating and killing him before disposing of his body in the river. The jury in the case was all white and found the 3 relatives involved in the murder not guilty.
VO
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Founding of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
The SCLS was founded as a branch of the Montgomery Improvement Association, in order to have a regional organization that could better coordinate civil rights protest activities in the South. This was founded in Atlanta, Georgia, at the Ebenezer Baptist Church and advocated confrontation of segregation.
NO
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Little Rock Nine Crisis
Little Rock Nine was a group of African American kids, who were chosen to enroll in an all-white school, in hopes of ridding the of racial segregation. The students were met with angry parents and students yelling racial slurs and threatening with violence. In September 1958 the governor ordered Little Rock's 3 schools closed rather than accept integration. 1959 Little Rock's schools opened a month early with black students in attendance.
VO
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Civil Rights Act
The purpose of the act was to protect the voting rights set out to blacks and increase the number of registered black voters in the South. The act also established a Civil Rights Commission within the Executive branch with the authority to investigate discriminatory conditions and recommend better measures.
A
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Greensboro Sit-In
The Greensboro Sit-In was a civil rights protest that lasted until July 25, 1960, when young African American students would stay seated at the counter even after being refused service. The Greensboro Four were four friends who sat down where they were allowed to take a non-violence stand against segregation. Their actions were seen and many other blacks joined in and soon the movement spread to many cities and states.
NO
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Freedom Rides
Freedom Riders were a group of white and African American civil rights activists who traveled through the South to protest segregated bus terminals. They tried to use "white-only" restrooms and lunch counters.
NO
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Birmingham Movement
Martin Luther King Jr. talked to the citizens about nonviolence and methods, looking for volunteers. Residents were pleased with the idea and actions expanded to kneel-ins at churches, sit-ins at the library, and, a march on the county courthouse to register voters. African American students tried to march into downtown Birmingham where hundreds were arrested. Forces of blasting children with fire hoses, clubbing them, and attacking them with dogs were used.
VO
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The Assassination of Malcolm X
Malcolm X was an African American religious leader and civil rights activist that spoke on behalf of black empowerment and advocated for the adoption of Islam within the black community. He urged his followers to protect themselves against white people, "blue-eyed devils", by any means necessary.
VP
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Fair Housing Act
The fair housing act made it illegal to discriminate in housing because of race, color, religion, sex, natural origins, physical or mental handicaps, or family status. The first African American to be selected by the senate spoke about his personal return from WWII and the struggle he went through to find a home for him and his family.
A
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Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools
This case dealt with the busing of kids to help further promote integration in schools. The Supreme Court ruled that students will be bused between districts.
A
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Shirley Chisolm’s Presidential Campaign
Shirley Chisolm was the first African American woman to campaign for the Democratic Party presidential nomination, with her slogan, "unbought and unbossed." She failed to win her party nomination but continued to serve another 11 years in congress.
A
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Hank Aaron’s Home Run Record
Atlanta Braves, Hank Aaron hit 715 home runs, beating Babe Ruth's 714 home runs, and became the first African American to play in the majors. Aaron hung up his cleats with 755 career home runs and went on to be one of baseball's first African American executives.
A
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Barbara Jordan’s Address at the Democratic National Convention
Barbara Jordan was the first woman to serve in the Texas Senate and the first southern African American woman to be elected to the House of Representatives. She became the first African American woman to deliver the keynote address to the Democratic National Convention.
A
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University of California Regents vs. Bakke
Allan Bakke, a white person, who applied to the University of California Regent's regular admissions program, was rejected. Applicants of color with lower grade averages and test scores were accepted into the specialty admissions program. Bakke filed a suit, that the dual system violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment and excluded him on the basis of race. The Supreme Court ruled the use of the university's racial quotas in college admissions was unconstitutional.
NO
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