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Plessy V. Ferguson
It was a segregation court case, for separating races of public accommodations. -
NAACP
This organization was founded for African Americans. -
Brown v. Board of education of Topeka
This case had included a black father and his young daughter not being able to go to a white elementary school 4 blocks from her house while the colored elementary school was 21 blocks away. -
Thurgood Marshall
Marshall was the first African American to serve in the United States Supreme court. He was counsel in the NAACP and won the case Brown v. Board of Education which ended racial segregation in schools. -
De jure vs. De facto segregation
De facto segregation exists by practice and custom. It can be harder to fight than de jure. Eliminating it requires changing peoples attitudes rather than repealing laws. -
Emmett Till
Emmett was a 14 year old African American boy who was visiting family and reportedly flirted with a white female. A few days later the girls father and another family member kidnapped and killed Emmett. His death provided a catalyst for the American Civil Rights movement. -
Montgomery bus boycott
An African American women named Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat for a white man. Blacks decided to boycott the bus after the situation during her court date. -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks was an African American women who refused to give up her seat for a white man which started the boycotting of the buses and that led to the lifting of segregation on public buses. -
Little Rock school integration
African American students known as little rock 9 went to Central High school in little rock. A white mob gathered around while the governor prevented the kids from entering the school. -
The sit-ins
African American protesters sat down at white lunch counters and denied to get up and leave. The stores raised the price of foods and removed the seats. -
Freedom Rides
200 angry white males attacked bus number 2. The mob followed the activists out of town and flung a bomb in the bus but the members of bus got out in time -
24th Amendment
Abolished the poll tax for all federal elections. -
March on Birmingham, Alabama
This was series of lunch counter sit-ins boycotting for segregation laws. -
March on Washington
The march on Washington was a march for jobs and freedom. This march was one of the biggest political rallies for human rights for African americans. -
Race Riots
In New York City there was an encounter between white police and African American teenagers which ended in the death of a 15 year old student. This event sparked a race riot in central Harlem. More race Riots throughout the years happened. -
Civil Rights act of 1964
This act forbade discrimination on the bases of sex as well race in hiring, promoting, and firing. -
Malcolm X
Malcolm was an African American leader who was a spokesmen for the nation of Islam. He combined Blacks and Islam he grew tired of non-violent, integrated struggle for civil rights and was worried blacks would lose control of there own movement. -
March from Selma Montgomery for voting rights
The protesters who were attempting to march from selma to the capital of Montgomery were met by violent resistance by local and state authorities. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This act was supposed to eliminate the literacy tests that disqualified many voters from voting. -
Black Panther Party
This organization was known to fight police brutality in the ghetto. It advocated self-sufficiency for African American communities and full employment as well as housing. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King called his brand of non-violent resistance "soul force". King based his ideas on the teachings of several people. He took Thoreau's concept of civil disobedience. Randolph he learned to organize massive demonstrations. From Gandhi he learned to resist oppression without violence.
