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14th Amendment
All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
This was a landmark constitutional law case of the US Supreme Court. It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal". -
Race Riots in Chicago
This all stemmed from an African American teenager drowning in Lake Michigan and the white people who were witnessing it, refused to help and then the cops who were on duty refused to arrest the people who just stood by and let it happen. This sparked a week of rioting between gangs of blacks and white Chicagoans. -
Executive order 9981
This was issued by President Harry S. Truman. It abolished racial discrimination in the US Armed Forces and eventually led to the end of segregation in the services -
Brown Vs. Board of education
Argued against blacks being allowed in white schools and to have public schools be separated ad not mixed -
1955 Emmett Till
Emmett was a 14 year old boy who was lynched to death for being falsely accused for flirting with a white girl -
Montgomery bus boycott
This was a boycott against racial segregation. Four days before this boycott began was the famous Rosa Park story. The African Americans were mostly boycotting public transportation laws and they had the right to do so . The U.S. Supreme Court ultimately ordered Montgomery to integrate its bus system, and one of the leaders of the boycott, a young pastor named Martin Luther King Jr who emerged as a prominent national leader of the American civil rights movement in the wake of the action. -
SCLS
This was an African american civil rights association that closely associated themselves with Martin Luther King JR. They relied on him to lead them to getting equal rights. They marched in many places and did whatever it took to get their rights and point across. This acronym is short for, Southern Christian Leadership Conference -
Little Rock Central HS
The Army had to escort 9 black students who entered an all white student school in Arkansas. The supreme court declared the education was being unconstitutional because they didn’t accept black students. -
NC Sit in by 4 students
Took place in Greensboro NC where there was a series of nonviolent protests in which led to the Woolworth department store chain removing its policy of racial segregation in the US. -
Freedom Riders
A freedom rider was a person who challenged racial laws in the American South in the 1960's, originally by refusing to abide by the laws designated that seating in buses be segregated by race. -
James Meredith
He was a civil rights activist who became the first African American to attend the University of Mississippi. This was a huge jump for the entire African American race -
Letter from Birmingham Jail
This was a famous letter from MLK from jail which states how he is defending his right and moral grounds for organizing nonviolent protest activities in support of the civil rights of African Americans. -
University of Alabama
Alabama Governor George Wallace ends his blockade of the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa and allows two African American students to enroll. This opened the door for all African American students -
I have a dream
MLK was in DC and speaking and he said that one day he hopes that all men from all walks of life can life together. 250,000 people attended the speech. This is one of the most famous speeches of all time -
Birmingham bombing
A bomb exploded before Sunday morning church service in a predominately black church. 4 young girls were killed and many were injured. outrage over the incident and the violent clash between protesters and police that followed helped draw national attention to the hard-fought, often dangerous struggle for civil rights for African Americans. -
Freedom Summer
The freedom summer was a volunteer campaign in the United States launched in June 1964 to attempt to register as many African-American voters as possible in Mississippi. -
Civil Rights Acts
Basically this law forbids discrimination and equal voter registration. -
Selma to Montgomery
Martin Luther King lead a march of thousands of people into Montgomery, the capital of Alabama. This march was conducted of nonviolent black people to obtain voting rights in the south. -
Watts Riots
A group of violent disturbances in Watts, a largely black section of Los Angeles, in 1965. Over thirty people died in the Watts riots. All of these riots caused $40 million in damages -
Executive Order 11246
Signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 24, 1965, established requirements for non-discriminatory practices in hiring and employment on the part of U.S. government contractors. -
Black Panthers
This was a revolutionary black nationalist and socialist party formed in 1966 challenged police brutality. The black panthers insulted many programs and challenged them, like the free breakfast for children. -
Detroit race riots
This started on 12th street as a public disturbance. There was a police raid on on an unlicensed bar. People were angry at the police and began to riot and it turned into one of the deadliest protest in American history. -
MLK Death
Martin Luther King was in Memphis Tennessee and got shot while standing on a balcony. Martin Luther King was at a sanitation worker’s strike and got shot in the jaw, severing his spine. -
Civil Rights Act
This gave equal housing opportunity to anybody regardless of race or religion
