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The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed by Congress and signed by President Chester A. Arthur. This provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese labor immigration. This act required the few nonlabors who sought entry to ovtain certifiction from the cheiese govenrment so they were qualifed to immigrate.
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When the Chinese Exclusin act expired, congress it for 10 years in the form of the Geary Act.
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The Chinese Exclusion Act was made permanent, with adding restictions by requiring each Chinese resident to register and obtain a certiticate of residence. If you didnt have the certificate, you were faced deportation.
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The Greay Act regulated Chinese immigration until the 1920s. with increased postwar immigration, the congress adopted new means for regulation. The quotas and requirements pertaining to national origin.
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During World War I the first large movement of blacks occured. This was when 454,000 black southerners moved north. and in later 1920s another 800,000 blacks left the south.
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Between 1940 and 1960 over 3,348,000 blacks left the south for northern and western cities.
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In 1943 Congress repealed all the exclusion acts, leaving a yearly limit of 105 Chinese which gave foreign-born Cheiese to right to seek naturalization.
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with various modifications it lastesd the congress until 1965 to pass the Imigration Act
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170,000 immigrants from outside the Western Hemisphere could enter the United States, with a maximum of 20,000 from any one country.