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Period: to
War of Pacific Against Peru and Bolivia
The War of the Pacific (Spanish: Guerra del Pacífico) took place in western South America from 1879 through 1883. Chile fought against Bolivia and Peru.
Date 14 February 1879 – 20 October 1883 (Chile-Peru Peace)
Bolivia-Chile armistice in 1884; peace with Bolivia signed 20 October 1904
Location Peru and Bolivia in Pacific coast of South America
Result Chilean victory, Bolivia became a landlocked country -
1891 Chilean Civil War
The Chilean Civil War of 1891 was an armed conflict between forces supporting Congress and forces supporting the sitting President, José Manuel Balmaceda. The war saw a confrontation between the Chilean Army and the Chilean Navy, which had sided with the president and the congress, respectively. This conflict ended with the defeat of the Chilean Army and the presidential forces and President Balmaceda committing suicide as a consequence.[1] -
Red Week
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Santa María School Massacre in Iquique
The Santa María School massacre was a massacre of striking workers, mostly saltpeter (nitrate) miners, along with wives and children, committed by the Chilean Army in Iquique, Chile on December 21, 1907. The number of victims is undetermined but is reliably estimated at over 2,000. It occurred during the peak of the nitrate mining era, which coincided with the Parliamentary Period in Chilean political history (1891–1925). -
Period: to
Labour Unrest (Anarchist Strikes)
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Arturo Alessandri (20-24)
May 10, 1920 – July 26, 1924
Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma (December 20, 1868 – August 24, 1950) was a Chilean political figure and reformer, who served twice as the President of Chile, first between 1920 and 1924, and then again in 1925, and finally from 1932 until 1938. -
Chilean Communist Party Founded
The Communist Party of Chile (Spanish: Partido Comunista de Chile) is a Chilean political party inspired by the thoughts of Karl Marx and Lenin. It was founded in 1922, as the continuation of the Socialist Workers Party, and in 1932 it established its youth wing, the Communist Youth of Chile (Juventudes Comunistas de Chile [abbr:JJ.CC]). In the last legislative elections in Chile on December 13, 2009, the party won as part of the Concertación/Juntos Podemos Más list 3 out of 120 seats in the Ch -
Military Coup d'etat against Congress
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Constitution of 1925/Alessandri Returns
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Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Wins Rigged Election (27-31)
General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (November 3, 1877 – April 28, 1960) was a Chilean Army officer and political figure. He served as dictator between 1927 and 1931 and as constitutional President from 1952 to 1958.
20th President of Chile
In office
May 10, 1927 – July 26, 1931
Preceded by Emiliano Figueroa
Succeeded by Pedro Opazo
26th President of Chile
In office
November 3, 1952 – November 3, 1958
Preceded by Gabriel González Videla
Succeeded by Jorge Alessandri -
Arturo Alessandri Elected Again (32-38)
22nd President of Chile
In office
December 24, 1932 – December 24, 1938
Preceded by Abraham Oyanedel
Succeeded by Pedro Aguirre Cerda -
Socialist Republic of Chile (Marmaduque Grove Valle)
Socialist Republic of Chile (June 4, 1932 - September 13, 1932) (Spanish: República Socialista de Chile) was a short-lived political entity in Chile, that was proclaimed by the Government Junta that took over that year. -
State of Siege Declared
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Nazi Putsch/62 Shot After Capture
González von Marées organized a failed coup attempt on September 5, 1938, in which 58 young nacista members were shot to death by police, in what became known as the Seguro Obrero massacre. He was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment, but subsequently pardoned by President Aguirre. -
Pedro Aguirre Cerda (38-41)
Pedro Aguirre Cerda (February 6, 1879 – November 25, 1941) was a Chilean political figure. A member of the Radical Party, he was chosen as the Popular Front's candidate for the 1938 presidential election, and was triumphally elected. He governed Chile until his death in 1941. Pedro Aguirre Cerda was of Basque descent.
President of Chile
In office
December 25, 1938 – November 25, 1941
Vice President Jerónimo Méndez
Preceded by Arturo Alessandri
Succeeded by Jerónimo Méndez -
Production Development Corporation (CORFO) Created
Production Development Corporation (CORFO) (full name in Spanish: Corporación de Fomento de la Producción de Chile) is a Chilean governmental organization that was founded in 1939, by President Pedro Aguirre Cerda, to promote economic growth in Chile. Since its inception CORFO has played a significant role in expanding the country’s economic development by promoting investment, innovation, business and cluster development, coupled with a focus on quality and productivity. -
Gabriel González Videla (46-52)
Gabriel González Videla (November 22, 1898 – August 22, 1980) was a Chilean politician. He was a deputy and senator in the Chilean Congress and was President of Chile from 1946 to 1952. He also helped draft the current Chilean constitution.
25th President of Chile
In office
November 3, 1946 – November 3, 1952
Preceded by Juan Antonio Iribarren
Succeeded by Carlos Ibáñez del Campo -
Law of Permanent Defense of the Democracy
Under the pressure of the United States of America[1], Chilean President Gabriel González Videla enacted a Ley de Defensa Permanente de la Democracia, also known as Cursed Law, Ley Maldita which outlawed the Communist Party of Chile and banned 26,650[2] persons from the electoral lists. The law banned the expression of ideas which appeared to advocate "the implantation in the republic of a regime opposed to democracy or which attack the sovereignty of the country. -
Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Reelected (1952-1958)
26th President of Chile
In office
November 3, 1952 – November 3, 1958
Preceded by Gabriel González Videla
Succeeded by Jorge Alessandri -
Jorge Alessandri (58-64)
Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez (May 19, 1896 – August 31, 1986) was the 27th President of Chile from 1958 to 1964, and was the candidate of the Chilean right in the crucial presidential election of 1970 being defeated by Salvador Allende. He was the son of Arturo Alessandri, who was president from 1920 to 1925 and again from 1932 to 1938.
27th President of Chile
In office
November 3, 1958 – November 3, 1964
Preceded by Carlos Ibáñez
Succeeded by Eduardo Frei Montalva -
Eduardo Frei Montalva (64-70) "Revolution in Liberty"
Eduardo Frei Montalva (January 16, 1911 – January 22, 1982) was a Chilean political leader. In his long political career, he was Minister of Public Works, president of his Christian Democratic Party, senator, President of the Senate, and president of Chile from 1964 to 1970. His eldest son, Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, also became president of Chile (1994–2000).
28th President of Chile
In office
November 3, 1964 – November 3, 1970
Preceded by Jorge Alessandri
Succeeded by Salvador Allende -
Tacnazo Insurrection
Tacnazo insurrection (October 21, 1969) (Spanish: El Tacnazo) was a brief revolt of the Tacna artillery regiment, led by General Roberto Viaux, in what turned out to be a non-violent demonstration against the government of Chilean President Eduardo Frei Montalva. -
Salvador Allende (70-73)
Salvador Allende Gossens (Spanish pronunciation: [salβaˈðoɾ aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and politician who is generally considered the first democratically elected Marxist to become president of a country in Latin America.[1]
29th President of Chile
In office
4 November 1970 – 11 September 1973
Preceded by Eduardo Frei Montalva
Succeeded by Augusto Pinochet -
Middle Class Strikes "October Crisis"
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Inconclusive Congressional Election
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Allende Dies In Coup d'etat
Salvador Allende, President of Chile, died during the Chilean coup of 1973 by the Chilean Army Commander-in-Chief Augusto Pinochet. Although he reportedly committed suicide shortly after giving a radio speech to the Chilean people, there has been great controversy regarding the circumstances of his death. Allende supporters have always dismissed the military junta's version events because they believe he was assassinated. -
Pinochet Takes Power (74-90)
Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte, more commonly known as Augusto Pinochet (Spanish pronunciation: [auˈɣusto pinoˈtʃet]),[note 1] (25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean army general and dictator who assumed power in a coup d'état on 11 September 1973. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean army from 1973 to 1998, president of the Government Junta of Chile from 1973 to 1981 and President of the Republic from 1974 until transferring power to a democratically elected president i -
Period: to
Economic Recovery
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Plebiscite Entrench Pinochet Until 1989
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Pinochet Lost the Plebiscite to Rule til 1997
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Patricio Aylwin (90-94)
Patricio Aylwin Azócar (born November 26, 1918) is a Chilean Christian Democrat politician, lawyer and former senator. He was the first president of Chile after democracy was restored in 1990.
31st President of Chile
In office
March 11, 1990 – March 11, 1994
Preceded by Augusto Pinochet
Succeeded by Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle
