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3000 BCE
Ancient times
Children were often seen as miniature adults and were expected to contribute to their family's survival through work and other responsibilities. -
1500
Middle Ages
Childhood began to be recognized as a distinct phase of life, but many children were still expected to work and contribute to their families -
17th-18th centuries
The concept of childhood as a time of innocence and play began to emerge, and children's literature and toys were developed specifically for them. -
19th century
The Industrial Revolution led to the exploitation of child labor in factories, mines, and other industries, sparking efforts to improve working conditions for children. -
Early 20th century
The Progressive Era in the United States brought about a renewed focus on the well-being of children, with child labor laws, compulsory education laws, and the establishment of juvenile courts. -
Mid-20th century
The post-World War II era saw the rise of the nuclear family and an emphasis on children's emotional and psychological needs, as well as the development of child psychology and child psychiatry. -
Late 20th century
The 1970s and 1980s brought about a backlash against overprotective parenting and a focus on children's rights and independence. -
21st century
Technology has had a major impact on childhood, with children growing up in an increasingly digital world and facing new challenges related to social media, cyberbullying, and online safety. There is also growing concern about the effects of climate change and environmental degradation on the well-being of future generations.