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2000 BCE
Ancient egipt
Childhood is for instruccion of trades Childrens were consider as them father's successors in royalty, into the lower social classes were considered as servants. -
364 BCE
Plato
Historians have been traditionally committed to explaining continuity
and change over time, and ever since Plato it has been known that child-hood is a key to this understanding. -
400
St. Agustine
The children are a impediment St. Augustine’s cry, “Give me other mothers and I will give you another world,” -
476
Middle age
It does not matter if the child lives or dies. Conception of servant not master property.
The Pope had authority over the education of children Humanism
prepare children to serve God
Providing education regardless of social class -
1422
Children are bad by birth (15th century)
Based on the postulate of St. Paul who mentions in the Bible that the original sin of Adam and Eve is inherited by all and therefore the whole world in sin and only with devotion Jesus Christ can recover the grace of God. -
1517
Modern age
Reform: education as a means of social control
children were conceived as beings that need of protection
childhood as a concept of autonomy the childs were conceived as trying to educate future men, which means future citizens, husbands, parents. -
1550
The child as property (16th century)
Among the peasant families of the sixteenth century in England, children aged 6 to 7 worked in household chores, from the age of 9 or 10 they were encouraged or forced to work as servants in other affluent families -
Period: 1552 to
The child as a young adult (16th and 17th centuries)
At this time, it was considered that children are capable of adopting the same behavior of adults in society, the difference was the physical size and level of experience. -
The rationalism of Descartes
He states that childhood is a weakness of the spirit and affirms that the prejudices that we incubate at that stage are the main cause of our errors and make difficult the learning of the sciences and the clear representation of the Ideas. -
The child is a blackboard
Locke diffuses that the child is like a blank slate where there is nothing written and therefore neither bad nor possesses innate knowledge, only learns through the sensory experiences. -
Dream babies
The childhood was seen as a state of purity and innocence, it was affirmed that the children came from the sky and from the angelic beings that surround the throne of God and for that reason it was believed that the sin had not touched them, nor the corruption. There was an idea that the child had an essential goodness -
Freud
Freud discoverd the importance, for the social change, of parent-child relations -
Darwin and reductionism,
Considered that childhood is similar to the development of primitive man, the development of mental life is like the evolution of life: vegetable, animal, human. -
The child as a social subject of law (20th century)
With the emergence of the Convention for the Rights of the Child in the 1950s, the child is seen as a social being with rights and duties. It establishes that society and the State must provide protection, education and care for the satisfaction of their basic needs and for the achievement of their integral welfare. -
The child is a playful being
Erickson in his book "Toys and Reason" claims that children should play alone and defines play as the training of life because it allows him to build his identity "A child likes to play Not because it is easy but because it is difficult for him. "
