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Children in Workplaces
Industrialization brought machines made to make work life easier, but machines require people to operate them. Children were the cheapest to hire for this job. An average wage of a man was 8.25, a women's 4.50, and for a boy it was 3.00. Children were employed in many other industries. -
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Women in Workplaces
In the 1700s and early 1800s, majority of women worked at home, raising children and preparing food. They did not get paid for this work, although that they did supported their family's quality of life. In the late 1800s, more women began to work outside of their homes. Young women in Canada often found work as domestic servants. -
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Challenging French Rights in Manitoba
Tension increased as settlers moved into regions where French people were majority of the population. Because of the french heritage, Manitoba in 1870 had been mostly Catholic for majority of the 1800s. By the end of the 1880s, Catholics made up less than 15% of the Manitoba population -
Trade Union Act
Trade unions were organizations that working men in the same trade could join in order to support each other. In 1872, the federal government made an act called the Trade Union Act, which made unions legal in Canada. -
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Electric Streetcars
Between the years of 1880 and 1900, large cities in Canada developed new transportation methods to move people around. This included replacing horse drawn cards with electric cars. This meant people could get around easily and live further away from where they worked. -
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Immigration
In the time period of industrialization, most immigrants came to Canada from the US, Britain, and other countries in Europe. This was because Europe as becoming overcrowded, and there wasn't enough industrial jobs or farmland for everyone. European immigrants hoped to improve their lives by moving to the US -
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Changing Childhood
Between the years of 1890 and 1905, there was a great change in the daily lives of children in Canada. Some children attended school, while others worked on farms or factories, some even doing a mix of all three. A child's life in these years were determined on the economic status of their family. -
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Industrialization
Before the year of 1850, majority of new immigrants started their lives in Canada as farmers. During the time of industrialization, still sought out land, especially in the Prairies. Though this was the case for some, many moved to industrialized cities to find work in service industries, such as shops and restaurants. -
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Economic Impacts
Industrialization caused very important changes in the economic status of different groups in society. Factories lowered the prices of manufacturing goods, so their profit rose. However building the factories and purchasing machinery required a lot of money. This meant it was easier for wealthy people to take advantage of the new technology. In addition to this, there were no laws in place about a minimum amount employees working got paid. -
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Canada's Population Growth
Because of the amount of immigrants coming to Canada for jobs and land, between the years of 1891 and 1911 close to 2 million immigrants came to Canada. -
Challenging French Rights in Alberta and Saskatchewan
In 1892, NWT passed legislation to remove French as one of Canada's official languages. The law also ended government support of French language education after GR.3. In 1905, Alberta and Saskatchewan were made into provinces out of the lower parts in the NWT. These 2 newly made provinces wanted to continue the same language policy. The French that lived in Alberta and Saskatchewan objected because they wanted their French rights. Laurier gave minorities the right to maintain separate schools. -
Overturning the Public School Act
In 1895, a high court in Britain rules that the fed government had tho option to strike down provincial laws. This rule included Manitoba's decision to stop funding from French and Catholic education. -
Women's Rights
By 1890, the WCTU and other organizations had been campaigning for women's right to vote for over a decade. The DEWA petitioned Oliver Mowat to ask him to introduce legislation to increase voting rights for women. The WCTU and the DWEA made a mock parliament in Toronto in 1896. -
The London Streetcar Strike
In 1899, streetcar workers in London Ontario walked out of the job. 79 workers refused to work until their employer, Henry Everett, raised their wages as well as shortened their hours. Henry didnt want to follow through to their needs, and fired them. He then replaced them with non-unionized workers, known as strikebreakers. -
Montreal is Canadas Biggest City
In 1901, Montreal was Canadas biggest city, with the population of 267 thousand. Within 10 years, the population grew to 490 thousand. -
Classroom Size
Class sizes were quite large compared to today's classroom size. In Ontario, the average class had 70 students per teacher. This was because the cities has large populations with sufficient numbers of students to attend. Rural communities had much smaller schools. -
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Limiting French Language in Ontario
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, many French people left Quebec in search for land and other work opportunities. Thousands moved to the US, and some to Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. By the year of 1910, 10% of Ontario's population was French Canadian. The Association for French Canadian Education was established in Ontario. This organization worked to secure the French language education for French children. By 1911, French accounted for 25% of Ottawas population.