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Royal Proclimation 1763
Britain made the proclamation at the end of the 7 years war. It sought to establish control of the land that was previously claimed by France. It recognized First Nations land rights and established creating with the First Nations through peaceful negotiaton. -
Red River Resistance. 1869-1870
The Metis led the resistance which resulted in the Manitoba Act, which was passed by Canada's parliament. The act established that Manitoba was a bilingual province, with education rights for Protestants and Catholics, as well as Metis land rights. The act said that they would legally acquire 500, 000 hectares of land. -
Land Scrips 1875-1879
Canada's government issued 'scrips' for the Metis in place of land. The government gave them the choice to become 'Treaty Indians' or to accept the scrip. The Metis did not have the same land rights as the First Nations. -
The Indian Act.
It was passed by Canada's parliament and made rules concerning the lives of the First Nations people without consulting them. Canada thought the First Nations needed guidance and thought that we were superior in our ways compared to theirs. -
Treaty 6
Was an agreement between Canada's monarch and the First Nations Peoples. The terms were that the First Nations would give up their customary title to the land under common law trading this for provisions from the government. -
Residential Schools
Canada's government wanted to find a way to educate and assimilate the First Nations, they got MP Nicholas Davin to find a way to do both at once. He recommended that residential schools were the solution, they took the native children from their homes and families to cut off their connection with their languages, cultures, and identities. -
Northwest Resistance.
Were a group that aimed to protect the Metis land in present day Saskatchewan during the time when the railway and settlers started moving to western Canada. For a lot of Metis this was their way of asserting their rights, similar to the Red River Resistance, but for others it was an attempt to overthrow Canada's authority. -
L'Association des Metis de l'Alberta et des Territoires du Nord-Ouest.
It lobbied Alberta's government to set land aside for the Metis people. Alberta's government passed the Metis Population Betterment Act as well which established twelve part time Metis settlements. -
Treaty 6,7,8
The First Nations from Alberta organized a group called the 'Indian Association of Alberta' their goals were to maintain treaty rights, to secure better educational facilities and opportunities, to advance the social and economic welfare of Indian peoples, to cooperate with local, provincial, and federal governments for the benefit of the Indian peoples. -
Treaties 4,6,10
First Nations proclaimed dedication and commitment to the recognition of their unique history and destiny within Canada by entrenching their treaty and aboriginal rights in the Constitution. They felt that only in this way that they could truly fulfill their sacred obligation that was handed down to them by their forefathers for their future generations, and that anything less would be a betrayal of their heritage and destiny. -
The Constitution Act of 1982
Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau led multiple negotiations to patriate Canada's Constitution. He did agree at first with including the rights of Metis, First Nations, and Inuit peoples in the Constitution. He believed that aboriginal people needed to be equal with all other Canadians, he viewed laws that set them apart- such as the numbered treaties or provisions- that were in the Constitution, as obstacles for their equality. -
Changing the Indian Act
First Nations and Canada's government both agreed that the Indian act needed updating. But the First Nations rejected the governments attempts in 2002, many First Nations said that the government did not consult them adequately before drafting the bill. They thought that it didn't recognize their status as nations that could make rules for themsleves.
