-
1848
Free-Soil party is organized -
1849
California gold rush begins -
1854
Congress passes the Kansas-Nebraska Act -
1856
Pro-slavery mob jacks Lawrence;Kansas; John Potyawatomie Massacre in retaliation
Charles Summer of Massachusetts is caned and seriously injured by pro-slavery congressman in U.S. Senate -
1857
U.S. Supreme Court issues the Dred Scott decision Lecompton Constitution declares that slavery will be allowed in Kansas -
1858
Abraham Lincoln debates Stephen A. Douglas during the 1858 Illinois Senate race -
1859
John Brown and followers staged a failed raid at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in an attempt to incrite a slave insurrection -
1860-1861
South Carolina and six other southern states secede from the Union
Crittenden Compromise is proposed but fails -
1861
Fort Sumter falls to Confederate forces, triggers Civil war -
1861
Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated president