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Opium Wars
The Opium Wars were two wars in the mid-19th century involving Anglo-Chinese disputes over British trade in China and China's sovereignty. -
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Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion or the Taiping Civil War was a large-scale rebellion or civil war in China fought between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Christian millenarian movement of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom between 1850 and 1864. -
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self strengthening movement
The Self-Strengthening Movement was a period of institutional reforms initiated in China during the late Qing dynasty following a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers. -
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Economic problems in China and European influence
Most of the population were peasants, extremely poor, and often had difficulties feeding their own families. They earned a living by farming, although they often faced high tax rates. Although China had extremely large areas of land, their population increased very fast.
There was also a growing Western imperialist influence in China. They also trying to spread Christianity into China. -
The Fall of Manchu (Qing) Dynasty
As a result of creeping foreign influence, China was made to look weak and there were increasing calls for modernization in order to keep pace with Western powers. China began to lose power over its peripheral regions. -
1911 Revolution
The Qing dynasty collapsed and entered a brief period civil unrest. -
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Yuan Shikai ruling
He was the first President of the Republic of China and ruled from 1912 - 1915. In the meanwhile, Sun Yat-Sen formed a party called Guomindang (GMD) in 1912 and declared itself a parliamentary party. -
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Warlord Era
It was when the control of the country was divided among former military cliques of the Beiyang Army and other regional factions, which was spread across in the mainland regions of Sichuan, Shanxi, Qinghai, Ningxia, Guangdong, Guangxi, Gansu, Yunnan, and Xinjiang. -
The May Fourth Movement
Students led a mass demonstration in Beijing against the warlords, traditional Chinese culture and the Japanese. The May Fourth movement awakened Chinese nationalism and galvanized the GMD and CCP (Chinese Communist Party). -
First United Front
The GMD and CCP combined to form the United Front in order to unite Warlord China
