-
Qing Dynasty
(1644-1911)The last dynasty in China. The Manchus extended their rule over a vast empire that grew in Central Asia, Tibet and Siberia.
Established the philosophy of Confucianism. -
The First Opium War
(1839-1842) Was fought between China and Great Britain. Foreign traders (primarily British) had been illegally exporting opium mainly from India to China since the 18th century, the British government, refused to turn the accused men over to the Chinese courts. -
Taiping Rebellion
(1850 -1864) Was part religious movement, and part political reform movement. It was only put down after the death of millions of Chinese by regional armies and irrevocably altered de Qing dynasty for the loose of many provinces. -
The Self-Strenghtening Movement
(1861-1895) Was a period of reform in China. It was essentially a response to increasing Western power and influence in China and was an attempt to resist the redress the concessions that China had been forced to agree- primarily with Britain. -
Boxer Rebellion
"Boxer " was a name that foreigners gave to a Chinese secret society known as the Yihequan (Righteous and Harmonious Fists) The group practiced certain rituals in the belief that this made invulnerable. The original aim was the destruction of Qing dynasty and also the Westerners who had a privileged position in China -
Double Tenth Revolution and the establishment of the Chinese Republic
The ruling dynasty was overthrown with the Doble Tenth Revolution. A republic was created, most provinces declared themselves independent of Beijing. The first president of China was Dr. Sun Yixan -
The Warlord Era
(1912-1927)There were hundreds of warlords opposed to Yuan rule, and most were interested only in their own power and wealth, not in helping the people under their rule, they governed with great severity. Conditions in China were the worst warlords fought each other with great ferocity and cruelty to get control of each other provinces, causing civil wars. -
The Rule of Yuan Shikai and The GMD
(1912-1915) Ruled China as a military dictator. Yuan agree with Sun´s party reformed as the Guomindang (GMD) in 1912 and declared itself a parliamentary party. this party wanted to create a unified China and avert the possibility of China descending into civil war, along 3 principles: nationalism, democracy, people´s livelihood. -
May Fourth Movement (GMD and CCP)
(1919 - 1921) Was dedicated to the rebirth of China as a proud and independent nation. Communist(CCP) and Nationalist(GMD) have come together in an alliance (First United Front in 1927) in response to both warlords and foreign influence in China. -
Chinese Civil War: The GMD attacks The CCP
The GMD carry the purification movement, which meant the massacre of thousands of Communists, trade unionists, and peasant leaders. About a quarter of a million people were killed. Ignoring the orders of the Comitern the CCP escaped to the mountains of Jiangsi. The GMD pursued them and determined to destroy them.
