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Life of Carl Gustav Hempel
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The Critique of Logical Positivism
Sentences are analytical to a language structure ,their truth follow from their grammar and vocabulary alone. English has many examples, Bachelor being a single man, since that's the actual definition. This type of vocabulary doesn't involve a claim about the world, and ones that do are synthetic, because they are based on history and properties of the world we know. Sentences like these are based on experience and known as posteriori, and truths found out indepently are known as priori. -
The Paradox of Confirmation Part 1
One of Carl's most controversial arguments was in an article titles "Studies in the Law of Confirmation". This is where he looks at empirical generalization to confirm or disconfirm of instances or non-instances of its antecedent and consequent. He used mathematical formulas to show his equation within sentences. "(x)(Rx>Bx)" where Rx is a raven and Bx is black. In the formula, it states all ravens are black. In another formula he uses the same sentences formula structure but adds white shoes. -
The Paradox of Confirmation part 2
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Inductive Reasoning
Hempel discusses the ambiguity of inductive, this is because of incompatible conclusions can appear equally well support by inductive arguments, where both premises are true. Inconstant conclusions can receive inductive support from consistent premises. Hempel said that with total evidence, in reasoning with the world, arguments must be based on all available evidence that's relevant. -
Nomic Expectability
The conception of subsumption, presuming that explanations explain the occurrence of singular events by deriving their description from premises that include one lowlife sentence. The formula for simpler cases goes like, C1, C2,...Cr they describe the antecedent. L1,L2,...Lk are general laws, over E which is the explanation of the event. The explanation starts inductive or deductive arguments where the premise is the "explanans" and the conclusion "explanandum" -
cites
Fetzer, James, "Carl Hempel", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022 Edition), Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2022/entries/hempel/.