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Assassination of Franz Ferdnind
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia.
-Significance - this lead to the chain reaction of World War 1 and Canada became involved when Britain declared war. -
Women In World War 1
Women drove ambulances, were nurses and cooked meals for the soldiers during World War 1.
- Significance - Their contributions were greatly appriciated to the war efforts. -
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World War !
Starting when Canada was automatically at war as part of the British Empire, and ending when the armistice was signed -
War Measures Act
To meet demands of war, Prime Minister Borden introduced the war measures act. It suspended habeus corpus, so anyone that was a suspected threat could be imprisoned or deported.
- Significance - It gave government authority to do everything necessary "for security, defence, peace, order, and welfare of Canada." -
Battle Of Ypres
The Battle of Ypres was in Belgium, where more than 6000 Canadians were killed, wounded, or captured.
- Significance - This is where chemical warfare was introduced, chlorine gas. -
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Minister of Militia
Sam Hughes was in Charge of armament industry. Supplied Britain with poor quality and inappropriate equipment.
- Significance - Because of the poor quality many people died because of mechanical error of the guns and ammunitions. There was also one case with a shoe that had a cardboard sole. -
Battle of Somme
The Battle of Somme was taken place at a river in France. There were more than 1.25 million casualties, with almost 24000 Canadians among them.
- Significance - The introduction of tanks -
Income Tax
In 1917, the Canadian government introduced income tax.
- Significance - it was a measure then was supposed to be temporary, but is still in today's economy. -
Battle Of Vimy Ridge
The Battle of Vimy Ridge took place on a ridge beside Somme. More than 3500 men were killed and another 7000 wounded.
- Significance - Canadian's Gained more ground. Their success gave them a sense of national pride and the reputation of being an elite fighting force. -
Conscription & Military Service Act
Because of the war, so many men were killed or injured and we didn't have enough men so in 1917 conscription was introduced to force enlistment in the armed forces of all fit men of certain ages. The Military Service Act made conscription compulsory for all Canadian men between the ages of 20 and 45, calling up the younger men first.
- Significance - This was very controversial and emotional issue that caused many battles and divided the country. -
Passchendaele
The battle in Passchendaele took place in Belgium. Canadians captured Passchendaele, but the 'victory' resulted in more than 200,000 casualties on each side, including more than 15,000 Candians.
- Significance - General Haig's earlier assault on Passchendaele had left massive shell craters, which the heavy autumn rains turned into a muddy bog. -
Halifax Explosion
The SS Mont Blanc, a French Vessel carrying more than 2500 tonnes of explosives, was accidentally hit by another ship.
- Significance - The collision cause an explosion so powerful that it devestated Halifax's harbour and levelled much of it's city. More than 2000 people were killed, 9000 injured, and thousands were left homeless. -
Khaki Election Of 1917
The Federal Election Of 1917 was named The Khaki Election because of the attempts to win the support of people serving during the war.
- Significance - Military Voters Act and Wartime Elections Act were introduced to gain more votes for Prime Minister Robert Borden who wanted to keep The Military Service Act and Conscription. -
The Hundred Days Campaign
March 3, 1918 - Russia and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Truce freed German troops to fight on the western front. Germany's army struck at weak points in the Allies' lines and drove deep into France. With the arrival of the Americans, the Allies launched a series of attacks.
- Significance - Canada's offensives were among the most successful of all the Allies, pushing through German lines and winning battles at Arras, Cambrai, and Valenciennes. -
Ending of World War 1
In november 1918, The German Kaiser abdicated and fled to Holland and Austria-Hungary agreed to ceasefire. An armistice, or truce to end the war, on the Western Front was finally signed in a railway car in France at 5:00 a.m. On November 11, 1918. The war was to stop at 11:00 a.m.
- Significance - The War ended -
Paris Peace Conference
Leaders of the Allies and other countries that won the war met in paris on 1919 to discuss the terms of a peace sgreement. It lasted six months and resulted in a number of treaties that defined new borders and compensation for losses suffered during the war. More than 30 countries attended the conference each with their own agenda.
- Significance - Canada demanded it's own seat and gained international recognition as an independent nation. -
Treaty of Versailles
A treaty between Germany and the Allies. Made Germany sign or the Allies would continue their attack. Borden was one of the leaders who got to sign the treaty.
- Significance - This increased Canada's national status, people were starting to see Canada as and indivdual country rather than part of the British Empire.
