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Canada & the Cold War by Andrea Lawlor
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Espionage - Igor Gouzenko
Just after the end of the Second World War, a Russian, Igor Gouzenko, left the Soviet Union and went to Ottawa with 109 documents that proved that there was were Soviet spies in Canada. -
Berlin Aircraft
After the War, Germany was divided into 3 parts, 1. Allied - by the U.S., 2. Soviet Union, and 3. Germany - City of Berlin. The City was divded into East and West Berlin. In June of 1948, the Soviets blocked off access to West Berlin, depriving the citizens of food and much needed supplies. The U.S. reacted with a daily airlift which brought all the supplies into the city of West Berlin. This was called the "Airbridge to Berlin", and it lasted until the end of September of 1949. -
Korean War
North Korea, who was under communism, fought with South Korea, under the democracy and aid if the United States, fought over it. China took part in the war, but sided with North Korea. Millions of lives were lost - both civilian and military - from each country/civil territory involved. -
Role in Commonweathlth - Colombo Plan
The Colombo Plan is a regional organization that embodies the concept of commonwealth government officials' effort to strengthen economic and social development of member countries, mainly in the Pacific Asian regions. A main priority is human resource development. -
Suez Crisis
Isreal invaded Egypt (who were backed by the french) because the President of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser's decision of 26 July 1956 to nationalize the Suez Canal. Britain helped Egypt, but eveidence came about tnat this was a planned event by the 3 powers at play. Britain and france left Egypt before the year but Isreal stayed until March 1957. -
Peacekeeping in Cyprus & Congo
Thousands of Canadians served as peacekeeping missions in Cyprus, between the Turkish and the Greeks; and in Cyprus. Their goal was to keep both parties away from each other with as little force and violence as possible. Peacekeeping in those regions lasted unttil about 1993. -
Continental Defence
Canada participated in several efforts with other nations for the creation NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and NORAD (North American Aerospace Defense Command), the cancellation of the Avro Arrow Project, and DEW (Distant Early Warning). -
Nicaragua Revolution
This revolution was over the opposition to the Somoza dictatorship in the '60's and '70's. This civil war like events lasted until 1990, but there are still political and civil uprisings today, even with neighbouring countries in Central Amercia. -
Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall was the physical division between West Berlin and East Germany. It was also the symbolic boundary between democracy and communism during the Cold War. It forced East and West Germans from seeing each other for 28 years. When Preseident Mikhail Gorbachev allowed the wall to come down, thousands of civilians took it down themselves. The wall came down on November 9, 1989. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Soviet Union started putting missiles in Cuba, and the united States didn't want that to happen for a fear that the Soviets would attack the U.S., seeing as Cuba is really close to them. Both sides were ready to attck each other by means of nuclear warfare, but in the end the leaders of both nation agreed that they wouldn't start a war with each other. -
Nuclear Question "SALT"
The United States and the Soviet Union were spending millions of dollars on nuclear weapons in preparation of a war between each other. They both wated to avoid a war and decided to stop the production of nuclear weapons, but starting with a Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, or "SALT". -
Canada-USSR Summit Series
The Summit Series Hockey Games were 8 hockey games between Canada and the USSR. Canada won 6-5; laast goal scored by Paul Henderson with few seconds to spare in the last period. This was the first game that Canada won as a national team against the Soviets, both sides gaining respect and personal victory. -
Soviet War in Afghanistan
This war was of the Soviet Union's presence in Afganistan, to indroduce and continuously support a communist government during the Cold War. The Afghani people didn't like the Russians there, and fought back withthe help of the United States and Pakistan. The Soviets finally pulled out of Afghanistan on February 15, 1989. -
Summer Olympics (Moscow)
Canada and the United States protested im January that the Olympics of that year not be held in Moscow because of the Soveit's involvement in Afghanistan and the war being waged there. The U.S. boycotted the Olympics that year because the Soviets wouldn't leave Afghanistan. Out of spite, the Soveits then boycotted the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. -
Perestroika
Perestroika was a political movement of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, led by Mikhail Gorbachev. It was meant to replace communism with socialism. Even though it failed, it was a big part of the reason that the Soviet Union broke apart in the years following. -
Strategic Defence Initiative - U.S.A.
Also known as "Star Wars", the Strategic Defence Initiative was a proposed ground and space system that would protect the U.S. from nuclear ballisic missiles by President Ronald Reagan. The media like to call it Star Wars after the 1977 movie "Star Wars". by George Lucas.
