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69 BCE
Caesar Begins His Political Career
Caesar serves as quaestor in Spain, starting his political career. -
60 BCE
Formation of the First Triumvirate
Caesar forms a political alliance with Pompey and Crassus, known as the First Triumvirate. -
58 BCE
The Gallic Wars
Caesar leads the Roman army in the Gallic Wars, expanding Roman territory in modern-day France and Belgium. -
49 BCE
Crossing the Rubicon
Caesar famously crosses the Rubicon River, declaring war on the Senate and Pompey, starting a civil war. -
48 BCE
Victory at the Battle of Pharsalus
Caesar defeats Pompey at the Battle of Pharsalus in Greece, securing control of Rome. -
46 BCE
Appointed Dictator for 10 Years
aesar is appointed dictator for 10 years, centralizing power in his hands. -
44 BCE
Declared Dictator for Life
Caesar is named dictator perpetuo (dictator for life), making him the uncontested ruler of Rome. -
44 BCE
Aftermath of Caesar's Death
Following Caesar's assassination, Rome is thrown into chaos. Octavian, Caesar’s grandnephew and adopted son, returns to Rome and begins to gather support to avenge Caesar's death. -
44 BCE
Assassination of Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar is assassinated by a group of senators, including Brutus and Cassius, ending his rule and triggering further political unrest.