-
General election
Marquess of Salisbury wins -
Taff Vale
Strike against Taff Vale Railway Company; Taff Vale trade union forced to pay £23,000 damages.
Balfour's cabinet set up a royal commission rather than reversing the judgement -
Education Act
Old school boards abolished
Local Education Authorities took over responsibilities for elementary and secondary education
Church schools received financial support from rates
LEA grammar schools set up
Non-conformists used the Liberal Party to oppose strengthening of Church - 7,000 prosecutions of those refusing to pay rates in 1903 -
Arthur Balfour becomes Prime Minister
-
Chinese Slavery
Gold Mines in South Africa needed Labour, Chinese labourers thought as only answer
Chinese workers herded into 'concentration camps'
People feared this was how government intended to solve Labour shortages in Britain -
MacDonald-Gladstone agreement (Lib-Lab pact)
secret agreement between Ramsay MacDonald and Herbert Gladstone
Both wanted an end to conservative dominance
LRC candidates would not fight against Liberal candidates where they stood a good chance of defeating the Conservatives -
Ulster Unionist Council formed
Started looking for weapons in 1910 -
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman becomes Prime Minister
-
General Election
Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman wins
Liberals - 401
Conservatives - 157
Labour - 30
Irish Nationals - 83 -
Meals and Medical Inspections for Children
Attack health problems and improve national efficiency
Allowing LEAs to provide school meals
many poor families saw free meals as a way to save money, meaning children still only got 1 meal a day -
Trades Disputes Act
Gave trade unions extensive rights
Unions couldn't be sued for damages, and peaceful picketing was allowed -
Children's Charter
Protected children against violence or neglect by parents -
Old Age Pensions
Those over 70, who had lived in Britain for at least 20 years, and out of prison for 10, earned the right to a pension
Hoping to reduce number of elderly turning to poor law -
H.H. Asquith becomes Prime Minister
-
Trade Boards
Fix minimum wages and inspect conditions in certain trades
Didn't apply to all workers -
Osborne Judgement
Unions could not contribute to political party funds -
Sir Edward Carson chosen as leader of Ulster Unionist Council
He told a great meeting of Unionists near Belfast: 'We must be prepared...the morning of Home Rule passes, ourselves to become responsible for the government of the Protestant Province of Ulster -
General Election
H.H Asquith wins
Liberals - 275
Conservatives - 273 -
Conciliation Bill
WSPU called for a truce, parliament responded with a 'conciliation' bill
Proposed the enfranchisement of women, who is either a householder or an occupation franchise, meaning 8% of women getting vote
Asquith was against it as he was against female suffrage
Lloyd George was against it as it meant only enfranchising the most conservative minded -
George V accession to throne
-
General Election
H.H. Asquith wins
Liberals - 272
Conservatives - 272 -
National Insurance Sickness Act
Compulsory health insurance for workers earning under £160 a year
Employee paid 4d
Employer paid 3d
Government paid 2d -
Unemployment
An insured worker losing their job would receive 7 shillings per week, for 15 weeks
workers paid 2.5 pence per week
Employer paid 2 pence
State paid 3 pence -
Second Conciliation Bill
Asquith announced that he wanted universal male suffrage first -
Parliament Act
Following the rejection of the 1909 "People's Budget", the House of Commons sought to establish its formal dominance over the House of Lords, which had broken convention in opposing the bill.The Act effectively removed the right of the Lords to veto money bills completely, and replaced it with a right of veto over other public bills with a maximum delay of two years. It also reduced the maximum term of a parliament from seven years to five. -
Third Home Rule Bill
Safe majority for the bill in the commons, and under the 1911 Parliament Act the could delay a bill it opposed for only 2 years
Ulster still resisted the home rule bill - protestants believed home rule meant 'rome rule'; cause harm to irish industry -
Trade Union Act
Allowed unions to have a fund for political purposes if a majority of members voted for it, individual members could opt out -
Cat and Mouse Act
Prisoners temporary discharge for Health Act
Allowed hunger strikers to be released to recover their health -
First World War
Britain declared war -
Dardanelles
Campaign of the First World War that took place on the Gallipoli peninsula. The naval attack was repelled and after eight months' fighting, with many casualties on both sides, the land campaign was abandoned and the invasion force was withdrawn to Egypt.
Failed due to poor leadership, bickering between Churchill, Navy, and army with old ideas -
Shell Scandal
Severe lack of munitions, showing lack of planning -
Easter Rising
On Easter Monday, a group of Irish nationalists proclaimed the establishment of the Irish Republic and, along with some 1,600 followers, staged a rebellion against the British government in Ireland. The rebels seized prominent buildings in Dublin, including the General Post Office which became the centre of operations, and clashed with British troops. -
David Lloyd George becomes Prime Minister
Lloyd George proposed the formation of a small war cabinet, without Asquith involved. Asquith refused. Lloyd George resigned from coalition, Conservative ministers resigned. Asquith resigned. Bonar Law declined offer as prime Minister. Lloyd George accepted -
H.A.L Fisher's education Act 1918
Full time compulsory education for all up to age of 14 -
Representation of the People Act
Women over the age of 30 were given the vote
Women over the age of 30 were allowed to become MPs
All men over the age of 21 were given the vote -
First World War
End of war -
General Election
David Lloyd George wins
Sinn Fein gained 73 MPs -
Geddes Axe
Eric Geddes chaired a committee to save £100m.
They were able cut only £64m -
Honours Scandal
Lloyd George was accused of selling peerages to finance his own political party -
Bonar Law becomes Prime Minister
-
General Election
Andrew Bonar Law wins -
Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister
-
General Election
Stanley Baldwin wins
It was a hung parliament, Baldwin resigned. -
Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister
a motion of no confidence against the government from Conservatives and Liberals causing 1924 general election -
General Election
Stanley Baldwin wins -
Hadow Report 1926
Recommended the break between primary and secondary education at the age of 11, and a school leaving age of 15
existing schools = grammar schools
new schools = modern schools -
General Strike
3 million people stopped work indefinitely
Miners faced wage cuts and longer hours
Other industries feared cuts later for them so joined in on strikes -
General Election
Ramsay MacDonald wins
Labour 288
Conservatives 260
Liberals 59 -
Financial Crisis
Wall street crash sparked major European banking crisis
Leading to a run on the Bank of England as investors withdrew money
Nearly 1/4 of British gold reserves disappeared
Fall in value of pound
Increase in unemployment -
General Election
Ramsay MacDonald wins under national government -
British Union of Fascists founded
Founded by Sir Oswald Mosley -
General Election
Stanley Baldwin wins -
Edward VIII accession to throne
-
Edward VIII abdication
-
George VI accession to throne
-
Neville Chamberlain becomes Prime Minister
-
Second World War
Britain and France declared war -
Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister
-
Beveridge Report
Beveridge identified the five giants that would have to be overcome if Britain was to rebuild a better society:
Want(poverty)
Disease
Squalor(poor housing)
Ignorance(lack of education)
Idleness(unemployment)
Suggested insurance covering all; a national minimum wage; free national health service -
Butler's Education Act
Made secondary education available to all for free
grammar
Technical
modern -
Second World War
End of War -
General Election
Clement Attlee wins -
NHS founded
Aneurin(Nye) Bevan
Free medical care in a range of services
Financed mainly through taxation
In order for consistency in quality hospitals nationalised -
British Nationality Act 1948
Act of Parliament that allowed anyone from the British colonies to enter the UK legally -
General Election
Clement Attlee wins -
General Election
Sir Winston Churchill wins
Conservatives - 321
labour - 295
Liberals - 6 -
Elizabeth II accession to throne
-
Anthony Eden becomes Prime Minister
-
General Election
Sir Anthony Eden wins -
Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister
-
General Election
Harold Macmillan wins
