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Period: to
Civil rights Era
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13th Amendment
Ratified on December 6, 1865, Congress established the 13th Amendment, which stated that no one shall be subject to slavery or involuntary service to another man, Unless it is a pentalty given by the court given to a convicted felon. Therefore the amendment was abolishing slavery in the U.S. -
14th Amendment
Ratified on July 9, 1868. Congress established the 14th Amendment, which stated that every man shall recieve equal treatment by the law in efforts to preserve the civil rights act that was passed in 1866. -
15th Amendment
Ratified February 3, 1870. Government established the 15th Amendment, Which granted all African-Americans the right to vote. Even with the ratification of the 15th, governments still found ways to prevent blacks form voting by establishing Poll taxes and literacy tests. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson was a case taken to supremem court, because a man was asked to move to a different and not as kept car on a train because he profiled himself as black. the court later ruled that segregation was legal but all facilities for each race must be equal condition. -
19th Amendment
Ratified in august of 1920. The 19th Amendment gave the women the right to vote and broke ground in equal treatment for women in society -
Korematsu v. United States
During WW2 the government decided to exclude all citizens with Japanese ansestory to ensure public saftey. this was later taken to court by Korematsu as a violation of his constituational rights but the court agreed that the government took a legal action. -
Sweatt v. Painter
Sweatt v. Painter was a case taken to supremem court because a man had applied to the law school of Texas University, but was denied simply due to his race. the court later ruled that there shall be a black law school established in texas that sweatt could attend. the schoool However was not equal standards as the white law school. -
Brown v Board of Education
Brown v. Board of education was taken to supreme court because a man was complaining that his daughter was not being admitted to a white school for a better education due to her race. the court later ended segregation in all public schools which became a huge break through in civil rights. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
in 1955, a young girl name Claudette Colvin refused to give up her bus seat to a white women. Shortly after a women named Rosa Parks, who was seen as the influential piece to the boycott, also refused to give up her seat to a white man and was aressted. This lead to the protest and boycott of the Montgomery bus system. -
24th Amendment
Ratified on January 3, 1964. Congress established the 24th Amendment. The amendment banned all poll taxes that were established to prevent African-American from voting. This officially fully gave former slaves and their relatives the right to vote. -
JFK speech in Indianapolis on death of MLK
On April 4, 1964, while in Indianapolis senator JFK was planning to deliver an ordinary political speech but instead got news of MLK's assassination and delivered the news to the Indianapolis citizens. -
Civil Rights act of 1964
The civil rights act established in 1964, was a law made to end segregation entirley by making all acts of segregation illegal and against canstitutional rights -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
passed in 1965, The Voting rights act was an efoort and successfully knoocked down any legal state barriers that were put up to prevent African-Americans from voting. -
Poll Taxes
Poll taxes were taxes enforced of African-Americans to prvent them from voting which was very effective considering that most African-Americans were not able to afford poll taxes -
Literacy tests
Literacy Tests were also, like poll takes, an obstacle put out to prevent blacks from voting. this tactict became effective because not many African-Americans had proper education leading to poor literacy. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative Action is the actions taken by individuals or orginizations to improve equality for historically discriminated groups. -
Reed v. Reed
Reed v Reed was a case where the 14th amendment became a huuge factor deciding that any dicrimination due to gender is a violation of a persons constitutional rights -
Bowers v. Hardwick
While searching for a man of intrest toa case, polise walked in to a house on two men participating in sexual behavior and arrested them for sodomy. the court ruled hoewever that sodomy was not illegal even though there is a state law against gay MARRIGE. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities act, which was passed in 1990 gave equal rights to those who were mentally, physically and socially impaired. The act started a movement for society to see the americans with these disabilities equally. -
Lawrence v. Texas
While searching for weapons after a reported weapons disturbance, police found two men engaged in sexual activity inside their home. the court had ruled that arresting and prosecuting them was against the Due Proccess Clause. -
Indiana Gay Rights
in 2011 a law supporting gay marrige was passed in indiana but for it to be official it is being debated in te senate. if the senate agrees to pass the law again then taken to voters. -
Fishers v Texas
This case was taken to supreme court after a women (fisher) applied to University of Texas at Austin and was denied due to the universities effort to creatate a racial neutrality. the court sided with fisher, stating that it was a violation of her 14th amendment rights. -
Regents of The University of California v. Bakke
This case was taken to supreme court because a man, who was white, was denied by a university because he was not a minority which was ruled a violation to his 14th amendment rights.
