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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early Beginnings
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3900 BCE
Diseases Caused By?
It was believed that diseases were caused by the supernatural. -
3600 BCE
Treatments for sicknesses?
Doctors tried exorcising the evil spirits through ceremonies, they would also use herbs and plants as medicines. -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
They use Digitalis (from foxglove plant), Quinine (from bark of the cinchona tree), Belladonna and Atropine (both from the poisonous nightshade plant), and Morphine (from the opium poppy). -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient Times
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2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
The earliest people to keep health records that were accurate were the Egyptians. The Egyptian priests were the physicians, and they helped heal people by bloodletting. -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
As early as the Stone Age, the ancient Chinese figured out how to use acupuncture therapies to treat illnesses and diseases using stone tools. It developed into a more advanced practice as time passed. -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
The Greeks were the first to determine that illness was natural and not because of the supernatural. Body’s were not to be dissected during these times because their religion didn’t allow it. Hippocrates based his knowledge off of what he could see. -
100
Ancient Romans
The Roman were the first to organize medical care, they would wear masks with a beak to protect themselves from illness and kept a separate room for the sick. -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
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500
Why stop the study of medicine?
Monks and Priests didn’t care for physical treatments and focused their own practice on God. Their form of treatment was praying. -
700
How do they treat diseases?
They prayed and suede herbal mixtures, “care was custodial.” -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
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1100
Epidemics
The epidemics killed millions, there was many uncontrolled diseases such as smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, tuberculosis, and the worst one being the bubonic plague. -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1450
Rebirth?
Medical schools were built, dissection was allowed to study the human body, and publishing books to create better access to what people know about the human body. -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th Centuries
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1515
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci studied the anatomy of a human body. -
1550
Gabriele Fallopius
Gabriele Fallopius was the first to find the fallopian tubes (female anatomy) -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
Bartolommeo Eustachio discovered the Eustachian tube which is the tube leading from the ear to the throat. -
Willian Harvey
William Harvey explained how blood circulation and the pumping of the heart worked, “physiology”. -
Antonie von Leeuwenhoek
Antonie von Leeuwenhoek created the microscope, he helped discover that there was more to the world then what we can see. -
Apothecaries
Apothecaries (early pharmacists), helped with trading drugs and spices from the east. -
Period: to
18th Century
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Benjamin Franklin
He discovered that colds can be passed from person to person. -
Medical students learning
Students went to lectures, and were introduced to dissecting patients body’s after they die. They were also able to observe patients at the bedside. -
Joseph Priestley
Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen and respiration, he discovered that plants help refresh the airs oxygen as well. -
Edward Jenner
Edward Jenner discovered a vaccination for smallpox, making people somewhat immune to it. -
Rene Laennec
Rene laennec created the stethoscope, which helps doctors and nurses hear the heartbeat of another person. This helped determine if a disease was present. -
Period: to
19th and 20th Centuries
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Ignaz Semmelweis
Ignaz discovered why childbed fever happened. Physicians would dissect bodies and then go deliver babies without washing their hands which would get the women sick and/or infected. -
Florence Nightingale
Florence founded modern nursing, she adjusted and designed a better hospital ward where patients could had more room, better circulation of air, clean, and had multiple windows. -
Louis Pasteur
“The Father of Microbiology”. He discovered that Pasteurization kills bacteria’s in milk. He also discovered that microorganisms were caused by disease. -
Ernst von Bergmann
Ernst created a way to keep areas germ-free before and during surgery. He knew that germs caused infections so he developed asepsis. -
Robert Koch
Robert discovered many disease-causing organisms. He introduced the importance of being clean and sanitization to prevent disease. -
Paul Ehrlich
He found the chemical that could treat syphilis, he discovered the effect of medicine. -
Wilhelm Roentgen
Wilhelm discovered x-rays, this helped advance doctors technology. -
Anesthesia
Surgery used to be performed with no anesthesia, nitrous oxide and chloroform were the first to be discovered. -
Sir Alexander Fleming
Alexander discovered that penicillin could kill life-threatening bacteria’s. People died of illnesses before penicillin was discovered, it was considered one of the most important discovery’s of the 20th century. -
Sigmund Freud
Discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind. -
Jonas Salk
Discovered the dead polio virus. This virus paralyzed thousands of children and adults. -
Albert Sabin
He used a live polio virus vaccine, this helps protect babies from getting Salk’s virus. -
Christian Barnard
Christian performed the first successful heart transplant. -
Ben Carson
He separates Siamese twins, performs hemispherectomies, surgeries to stop seizure on the brain. -
Period: to
21st Century
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Advancements in medical practice
Organ transplants, better medicines and vaccines, newer technology, medical imaging, and more.