Bohm History of Healthcare Timeline

  • Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE

    Early Beginnings

  • 3900 BCE

    Diseases Caused By?

    It was believed that diseases were caused by the supernatural.
  • 3600 BCE

    Treatments for sicknesses?

    Doctors tried exorcising the evil spirits through ceremonies, they would also use herbs and plants as medicines.
  • 3100 BCE

    Medicines used today

    They use Digitalis (from foxglove plant), Quinine (from bark of the cinchona tree), Belladonna and Atropine (both from the poisonous nightshade plant), and Morphine (from the opium poppy).
  • Period: 2999 BCE to 399

    Ancient Times

  • 2900 BCE

    Ancient Egyptians

    The earliest people to keep health records that were accurate were the Egyptians. The Egyptian priests were the physicians, and they helped heal people by bloodletting.
  • 1900 BCE

    Ancient Chinese

    As early as the Stone Age, the ancient Chinese figured out how to use acupuncture therapies to treat illnesses and diseases using stone tools. It developed into a more advanced practice as time passed.
  • 900 BCE

    Ancient Greeks

    The Greeks were the first to determine that illness was natural and not because of the supernatural. Body’s were not to be dissected during these times because their religion didn’t allow it. Hippocrates based his knowledge off of what he could see.
  • 100

    Ancient Romans

    The Roman were the first to organize medical care, they would wear masks with a beak to protect themselves from illness and kept a separate room for the sick.
  • Period: 400 to 800

    Dark Age

  • 500

    Why stop the study of medicine?

    Monks and Priests didn’t care for physical treatments and focused their own practice on God. Their form of treatment was praying.
  • 700

    How do they treat diseases?

    They prayed and suede herbal mixtures, “care was custodial.”
  • Period: 800 to 1400

    Middle Age

  • 1100

    Epidemics

    The epidemics killed millions, there was many uncontrolled diseases such as smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, tuberculosis, and the worst one being the bubonic plague.
  • Period: 1350 to

    Renaissance

  • 1450

    Rebirth?

    Medical schools were built, dissection was allowed to study the human body, and publishing books to create better access to what people know about the human body.
  • Period: 1501 to

    16th and 17th Centuries

  • 1515

    Leonardo da Vinci

    Leonardo da Vinci studied the anatomy of a human body.
  • 1550

    Gabriele Fallopius

    Gabriele Fallopius was the first to find the fallopian tubes (female anatomy)
  • 1563

    Bartolommeo Eustachio

    Bartolommeo Eustachio discovered the Eustachian tube which is the tube leading from the ear to the throat.
  • Willian Harvey

    William Harvey explained how blood circulation and the pumping of the heart worked, “physiology”.
  • Antonie von Leeuwenhoek

    Antonie von Leeuwenhoek created the microscope, he helped discover that there was more to the world then what we can see.
  • Apothecaries

    Apothecaries (early pharmacists), helped with trading drugs and spices from the east.
  • Period: to

    18th Century

  • Benjamin Franklin

    He discovered that colds can be passed from person to person.
  • Medical students learning

    Students went to lectures, and were introduced to dissecting patients body’s after they die. They were also able to observe patients at the bedside.
  • Joseph Priestley

    Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen and respiration, he discovered that plants help refresh the airs oxygen as well.
  • Edward Jenner

    Edward Jenner discovered a vaccination for smallpox, making people somewhat immune to it.
  • Rene Laennec

    Rene laennec created the stethoscope, which helps doctors and nurses hear the heartbeat of another person. This helped determine if a disease was present.
  • Period: to

    19th and 20th Centuries

  • Ignaz Semmelweis

    Ignaz discovered why childbed fever happened. Physicians would dissect bodies and then go deliver babies without washing their hands which would get the women sick and/or infected.
  • Florence Nightingale

    Florence founded modern nursing, she adjusted and designed a better hospital ward where patients could had more room, better circulation of air, clean, and had multiple windows.
  • Louis Pasteur

    “The Father of Microbiology”. He discovered that Pasteurization kills bacteria’s in milk. He also discovered that microorganisms were caused by disease.
  • Ernst von Bergmann

    Ernst von Bergmann
    Ernst created a way to keep areas germ-free before and during surgery. He knew that germs caused infections so he developed asepsis.
  • Robert Koch

    Robert Koch
    Robert discovered many disease-causing organisms. He introduced the importance of being clean and sanitization to prevent disease.
  • Paul Ehrlich

    Paul Ehrlich
    He found the chemical that could treat syphilis, he discovered the effect of medicine.
  • Wilhelm Roentgen

    Wilhelm Roentgen
    Wilhelm discovered x-rays, this helped advance doctors technology.
  • Anesthesia

    Surgery used to be performed with no anesthesia, nitrous oxide and chloroform were the first to be discovered.
  • Sir Alexander Fleming

    Sir Alexander Fleming
    Alexander discovered that penicillin could kill life-threatening bacteria’s. People died of illnesses before penicillin was discovered, it was considered one of the most important discovery’s of the 20th century.
  • Sigmund Freud

    Sigmund Freud
    Discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind.
  • Jonas Salk

    Jonas Salk
    Discovered the dead polio virus. This virus paralyzed thousands of children and adults.
  • Albert Sabin

    Albert Sabin
    He used a live polio virus vaccine, this helps protect babies from getting Salk’s virus.
  • Christian Barnard

    Christian Barnard
    Christian performed the first successful heart transplant.
  • Ben Carson

    Ben Carson
    He separates Siamese twins, performs hemispherectomies, surgeries to stop seizure on the brain.
  • Period: to

    21st Century

  • Advancements in medical practice

    Organ transplants, better medicines and vaccines, newer technology, medical imaging, and more.