Biotechnology Timeline

By madi123749
  • 6000 BCE

    6000 BC

    Yogurt and cheese made with lactic acid-producing bacteria by various cultures.
  • Period: 6000 BCE to

    Biotechnology Timeline

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  • 1675

    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovers and describes bacteria and protozoa

  • 1798

    Edward Jenner uses first viral vaccine to inoculate a child from smallpox

  • 1862

    Louis Pasteur discovers the bacterial origin of fermentation.

  • 1863

    Gregor Mendel discovers the laws of inheritance

  • 1877

    Robert Koch develops a technique for staining bacteria for identification

  • 1881

    Louis Pasteur develops vaccines against bacteria that cause cholera and anthrax in chickens.

  • 1885

    Louis Pasteur and Emile Roux developed the first rabies vaccine and use it on Joseph Meister

  • 1919

    Karl Ereky, a Hungarian agricultural engineer, first uses the word biotechnology.

  • 1928

    Alexander Fleming notices that a certain mould could stop the duplication of bacteria, leading to the first antibiotic: penicillin.

  • 1958

    James D. Watson and Francis Crick describe the structure of DNA

  • 1973

    Stanley Norman Cohen and Herbert Boyer perform the first successful recombinant DNA experiment using bacterial genes.

  • 1980

    The U.S. patent for gene cloning is awarded to Cohen and Boyer.

  • 1982

    Humulin, Genentech’s human insulin drug produced by genetically engineered bacteria for the treatment of diabetes, is the first biotech drug to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

  • 1983

    The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique is conceived.

  • 1990

    First federally approved gene therapy treatment is performed successfully on a young girl who suffered from an immune disorder.

  • 1994

    The United States Food and Drug Administration approves the first GM food: the “Flvr Savr” tomato.

  • 1997

    British scientists, led by Ian Wilmut from the Roslin Institute, report cloning Dolly the sheep using DNA from two adult sheep cells.

  • 2000

    Completion of a “rough draft’ of the human genome in the -[Human Genome Project]

  • 2001

    Celera Genomics and the Human Genome Project create a draft of the human genome sequence.. It is published by Science and Nature Magazine.

  • 2002

    Rice becomes the first crop to have its genome decoded.

  • 2003

    The Human Genome Project is completed,providing information on the locations and sequence of human genes on all 46 chromosomes.

  • 2008

    Japanese astronomers launch the first Medical Experiment Module called "Kibo", to be used on the International Space Station.

  • 2009

    Cedars- Sinai Heart Institute uses modified SAN heart genes to create the first viral pacemaker in guinea pigs, now known as iSANs

  • 2012

    Thirty-one-year-old Zac Vawter successfully uses a nervous system-controlled bionic leg to climb the Chicago Willis Tower.