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Frances Willard
Frances Willard was known as a woman who was a large influence to the 18th and 19th amendments being created & passed. She and many other women worked hard to push women's suffrage. She stated that it was offensive that boys of age 21 and older can make laws but their mothers cannot. She also was a firm believer that giving women the right to vote would "rid the United States of evil". -
Social Darwinsim
Social Darwinism is simply the belief in "survival of the fittest". It is believed that all organisms, including humans and animals, are competing in life. This theory states that Social Darwinism improved the human race, as well as saying that we came from evolution. -
Tin Pan Alley
Tin Pan Alley was a nickname of the songwriters and growing music businesses in New York which started in 1885. This is significant because this group dominated America's music industry, and usually described a specific place. In WW2, Tin Pan Alley wrote songs that inspired Americans to keep fighting, and that it was important to for the war effort. -
Eleanor Roosesvelt
Eleanor Roosevelt was the longest serving First Lady, and was the wife of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Throughout her lifetime, she was a human rights leader in multiple areas and helped in aiding her husband in his politics. She wanted to show the world that being First Lady was an important task, and did so by discussing women's rights issues, child issues, and human rights. -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was best known as the man who created the Model T automobile. Although he did not come up with the idea of a car himself, he did adapt it so where automobiles could be affordable and still have quality so that Americans could purchase them. He introduced to us his Model T car on October 1st, 1908, and most Americans had learned how to drive it already, due to the such low price of $825, which is $21,990 in today's money. -
Great Migration
Movement of many African Americans who were coming to the south, they had the option to go North of Mid-West. The date was between 1910-1970. -
Federal Reserve System
The Federal Reserve System was a system created by congress which had 3 parts- Board of governors, Reserve banks, and Federal open market committees. They were responsible for supervising commercial banks & provided financial service. There were 12 districts and it was created on December 23rd, 1913. -
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was best known for being an excellent leader for the African American movements. He founded an organization known as the Universal Negro Improvement Association which helped establish a homeland in Africa for independent blacks. However, Marcus Garvey was deported to Jamaica and the organization fell apart without him. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was a man who fought for women's rights and for prohibition. He ran for president in 1908 but was unsuccessful, but continued his work. His determination ended up aiding in passing the 18th amendment, which terminated saloons. -
Prohibition
In the 1920's, drinking alcohol was very different than it is today. Men would drink beer with every meal, & eventually switched to more lethal drinks, like whiskey, which got them more drunk quicker. Drunk husbands could be abusive, upsetting the wives & children because they were left as the victims. Due to this, a large group of women decided that alcohol should be gone, and that it was the evil. After some time, the 18th amendment was passed, which banned the sale & manufacture of alcohol. -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was the period of time which art & music exploded, especially jazz. This movement also inspired African Americans because they had a new pride. It was nicknamed the "New Negro Movement" and took place in Harlem, New York in the 1920's. -
The Red Scare
The Red Scare was the fear of communism spreading throughout the country. Communism is the belief of dictatorship, & the Red Scare was caused by the Russian Revolution of 1917. The Red Scare got the name "Red" because that was the color of the Soviet Flag. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
In the 1920's, President Taft wanted to ensure that the Navy had enough resources around them to keep doing work. He placed many oil producing facilities around the area, & allowed a man named Albert Fall, who was an interior secretary, to control the area. However, Albert began accepting large bribes, and started leasing the oil places to other people. People began getting suspicious, and further snooping found Fall guilty of bribery, and was the first U.S cabinet who went to prison. -
Clarence Darrow
Clarence Darrow was a well-known lawyer of his time who did many cases, but was famous for the "Monkey Trial". Clarence Darrow defended John Thomas Scopes, a substitute teacher, for teaching evolution. Although the case was lost and John was found guilty, it had a long lasting impact on today because education had changed. -
Scopes Monkey Trial
The Scopes Monkey Trial, which is also called the State of Tennessee v. John Thomas, was a case on July 21st, 1925, that happened because a substitute named John Scopes was found teaching evolution. The Tennessee Butler Act stated that it was unlawful to teach human evolution, due to religious factors. Clarence Darrow defended Thomas, but Thomas was found guilty, because he was actually teaching evolution. The trial went live on the radio. -
Langston Hughes
Langston Hughes was a member of the Harlem Renaissance who was also a poet who wrote for the group. He achieved his fame by getting his poem, "The Negro Speaks of Rivers", published into a magazine, and ended up getting more awards for his future poems. Langston wrote a poem for the H.R., which allowed people to see the negative effects of letting a dream go unfulfilled. -
Charles A. Lindbergh
Charles A. Lindbergh was a man who, in 1927, successfully completed the first ever solo flight. He became very famous and many people saw him as an inspiration, and become one of the earliest 'celebrities'. However, his happiness did not last long, because his 20 month old son was kidnapped, and the boy would be safely taken back in exchange for $50,000. Sadly, the boy had been killed and the criminals still got their money. -
The Great Depression
The Great Depression was a very large economic crisis that lasted from 1929 to 1939. The Depression consisted of many Americans losing their jobs, moving away, and even dying. The New Deal, created by President Franklin Roosevelt, was a significant list or solutions to the problems that caused the Great Depression, and successfully ended it. -
Black Tuesday
This day, also known as the Great Crash, is very important because it marks the beginning of the Great Depression. On this day, most of the banks collapsed, causing people to lose their money, eventually leading to everyone losing jobs and homes as well. On October 29th by itself, the banks had lost an estimated amount of $14 billion. -
Jazz music
Jazz music in the 1920's greatly emerged as the most listened to music in the United States. Independent record companies began, the music industry grew more than ever, and having a radio was a novelty that everyone wanted to have. At first, jazz music was not accepted because of racial issues, but white band members began asking African American musicians to be in their band, and jazz music became a hit. -
Relief, Recovery, Reform
Relief, Recovery, and Reform was introduced into the United States by Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression, along with his New Deal programs. These terms were known as the "Three R's" and addressed the problems and consequences of the Great Depression. Relief, Recovery and Reform were solutions to the problems of the large percentage of unemployment and economic chaos. -
The Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl was an 8 year period consisting of dry storms full of dust which greatly impacted the agriculture of the areas it was in. There was severe drought, and many people had to adapt to the harsh conditions or move away from their homes. This began off because Americans were careless about the agriculture and the consistent drought was no help to it either. -
20th Amendment
The 20th Amendment was an amendment proposed by George W. Norris, which set the time frame of when elected offices end. This amendment also says who becomes president if the first president dies. It says that Congress begins on the 3rd of January, that the Vice President can take over temporarily given certain circumstances, and the dates in which the office closes. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt was best known as the 32nd president of the United States, as well as a relative of Theodore Roosevelt and the one who ended the Great Depression. Franklin Roosevelt contributed greatly to the economy by creating a large number of programs, known as the 'New Deal', which helped the Americans and created new jobs. He married Eleanor Roosevelt and would have served a total of 4 terms, but unfortunately died before it could be completed. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
The FDIC was a program created by FDR's "New Deal" idea which insured bank deposits for the money that they lost during the New Deal. On October 29th, 1929, multiple banks collapsed and a large sum of money was lost that day. Due to this event, The FDIC was created to be the solution to the problem. The FDIC guaranteed that the banks would be insured by the federal government. -
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Tennessee Valley Authority was one of the many organizations created by Franklin D. Roosevelt in the New Deal. The TVA was made to control floods and generate electricity in 7 states. Creating new dams and electricity also opened up new job openings, therefore helping the economy greatly. -
21st Amendment
On January 16th, 1909, the 18th Amendment was passed, hereby stating that the manufacturing and sale of alcohol was prohibited and people who were caught with it would be arrested. However, this did not go well at all, because people still got their alcohol, even if it wasn't legal, and the drinking rates went up higher than ever. People started understanding that alcohol could be sold, if it was regulated. The 21st amendment was passed, which claimed that the 18th amendment was repealed. -
Dorothea Lange
Dorothea Lange was a well-known photographer who photographed events which happened during the Great Depression. She photographed things such as unemployed citizens walking down the street, farmers, starving families, and usually caption the pictures with words that her subjects had said. She held exhibits that allowed people to see her work, and her first one was held in 1934. -
Social Security Administration (SSA)
The Social Security Administration was an organization created in the New Deal by FDR on August 14th, 1935. This was made to ensure that people had enough to cover disability, retirement, and other costs. In order to accomplish this, people would get taxed a small amount and it would go to ensuring that the people that need help get it. -
The New Deal
The New Deal was a large amount of organizations created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt which were solutions the problems that caused the Great Depression. Some examples are the NRA, which aided in helping the markets set fair prices which helped them rise again, or the FCA, which helped farmers refinance mortgages at lower prices. The New Deal ended up aiding in stopping the Great Depression in 1939, and some of it's organizations still exist today.
