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Nov 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus lands on America
Christopher Columbus was an Italian mapmaker and explorer who worked for Spain.Him and his crew landed in America unexpectedly, thinking they were in the Indies. He brought Christianity and claimed the New World for Spain. He introduced slavery for Native Americans. -
Nov 15, 1500
The Spanish Empire
After the discovery of America, Spanish conquerors such as Christopher Columbus, Herman Cortes, and Francisco Pizzaro claimed land in South America by enslaving and slaughtering many Native Americans. They destroyed many great civilizations and introduced diseases over the natives. They pushed to further North to gain more gold and set up missionaries. Their primary goal was to obtain gold and Wealth. -
Nov 19, 1500
African Slave Trade Starts
The Spanishmen felt short of Native Americans as they died out of diseases, and therefore started introducing african slavery over to the America's. They brought them over from Africa by ship chained and dumped them over each other that made them barely breath. Most of them died in the voyage, and the remainig were sold to their new masters. -
Nov 19, 1513
The Spanish Boderlands
In Mexico and Peru, Spanish Conquistadors found riches beyond their imagination. Their greediness pushed them further North. These lands were not the parts of USA and were named as Spanish Borderlands as they were located on the edges of the Spain’s North American Empire. -
Nov 19, 1534
New France
In 1534, Jacques Cartier was sent by France to explore the Atlantic coastline of North America. He failed in his goal of finding a northwest passage, an all water route through the North American continent to the Pacific Ocean. He claimed land and were named as New France (today's Canada). -
The Lost CIty of Roanoke
Sir Walter Raleigh tried to start a colony off the coast of present-day North Carolina. They were welcomed by the Indians and when their supplies ran low, they returned to England. In 1587, another group was sent to Roanoke. They arrived too late in the season, so their leader sailed back to England for more supplies. He was delayed in going to Roanoke for three years, but when he finally reached the island the colonists had dissapeared, Carved on the doorpost was "CROATOAN" and is a mystery. -
Jamestown: The First EnglishColony
John Cabot, an Italian exploring for England, sailed to Newfoundlandand Nova Scotia, off the coast of present day Canada. He belived he had reached Asia, and claimed land for England. Jamestown proved to be the first English Colony in North America. The settlers of Jamestown thought it to be a good location for finding wealth. However, the land was marshly and infested with malaria-carrying mosquitoes. -
Quebec: Trading Post For France
In 1608, a trading post was built by Samuel de Champlaine was named Quebec Trading Post. Quebec remained the base for French explorers, soldiers, missionaries, traders, and fur trappers for the next 250 years. -
New Netherlands: The Short Lived Dutch Settlement
The Dutch sponsored a European sailor, Henry Hudson’s voyage to explored the the coastline farther north for the Netherlands. Their goal was to find a Northwest Passage that would take him all the way across the continent. In 1609, he discovered a deep river full of fish, and fell in the false notion that might make it to his goal. It didn't, of coarse, but he claimed the land along its bank for the Netherlands. In his honor the river was named as Hudson and the land he claimed was known as New -
The Starving Time
Jamestown ran out of food and the Native Americans refused to trade as well. The settlers died out of hunger and ate dogs, rats and even human corpses to survive. By spring, only 60 of the 500 people Smith had left in the fall remained alive. This happening is known as the Starving Time. -
Duke of York Conquers New Netherland
Peter Stuyvesant, the Dutch governor of New Amsterdam, was forced to surrender the settlement to the British without any harm. He had run out of gun as well as men and bowed the pleas of his people to avoid bloodshed and destruction. The settlement was later named as New York (today’s richest and most developed city of the world). -
New York : Middle England
The Duke of York made laws and futhur democracies. New York became a stronger and powerful colony in Middle England. The settlers had more rights than before. Relegions did not matter. -
France Claims Lousiana
The search of furs led the French far inland from Quebec. Two Explorers, Father Marquette and Louis Joliet, went through the great Mississippi river, but were disappointed on knowing that the river ends in the Mexican gulf and returned to France.
After nine years, the Mississippi River was explored again by Robert De La Salle. He claimed everything west of the river for France and named the vast area Lousiana. -
Proclamation of 1763
Because of the great loss Britain suffered during its war with the French-Indo, Britain was outnumbered with many problems. One such problem was that the colonists pushed westward to the Appalachian Mountains. Due to this there were always a fight between the colonists and the Indians. King George III drew the line down the crest of the Appalachian Mountains and announced it as the Proclamation Line. The line was indicated as the colonists to stay the east and the Indians to the west to the lin -
The Stamp Act
The British had to complete the debt left over in the French Indian War, and so, Britain passed a new law called the stamp act. All paper products considered stamps which colonists had to pay for. The colonists were shocked and urged to diminish this act. They said, ‘No Taxation without Representation’. They sent respectful messages to the British Parliament. The Sons of Liberty (MOB) attacked tax collectors. Loyalists refused to pay tax. The British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act. The coloni -
The Quartering Act
The British passed a new series of law in 1765 called the Quartering Act. The British said that they have to pay tax for protecting them. The act included Colonial Assemblies to provide shelter to British troops as well as furnish the soldiers. The colonists reacted negatively and said ‘as much as a tax for laying taxes’ The colonists emerged violent and the New York Assembly even refused to pay funds on salt, vinegar, and liquor. Temper rose in both sides. King George did not repeal this act. -
The Townshend Act
Charles Townshend passed a new law named after him, The Townshend Act. This act included colonists to pay taxes for the imported goods from Britain. The colonists had to look after the British troops in America. To many colonists this act was not more than disguise. A patriot, Samuel Adams led to the opposition of the Townshend Act. Parliament repeals the Townshend Acts, but keeps the tax on tea. -
The Tea Act
Lord North led an attempt to save east India Company. The tea price was lowered to that where everybody could buy it without any protest. But they couldn’t buy any other tea as well. The colonists were angry. The Merchants wondered if there were going to be monopoly on other items too. -
The Intolerable Acts
In 1774, the parliament passed a new series of law to punish Massachusetts for the tea party. these laws very harsh so that the colonists called it as the interelorable acts. -
Lexington and Concord
King George made wrong decisions all the time and now then he even refused to reply them. The British prepared to give blows to the Colonies. The first blow struck at Lexington, where the British, found out that the colonies had their weapons hidden in Concord. There was a crash between the two sides, where British won. However, the British could not find the weapons and furiously started to burned down Concord but was stopped and there was again a clash between the two sides. This time it was t -
The Second Continental Congress
New England militia had massed around Boston by the time the time the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia. They were eager to decide who was going to be the commander of the continental army. -
The Battle of Bunker Hill
The Battle of Bunker Hill was an essential part as it represented the beginning of the war. It was a war based on a purpose of capturing the hill as it benefited the British. After two attacks, the British succeeded in defeating the militias. 1000 troops were killed, and half of the Americans -
The Olive Branch Petetion
The Olive Branch Petition was a petition that was sent by the Congress to King George to end the quarrel (Olive branch represents peace). The king had also ordered the colonies to be in ‘open and avowed rebellion’. -
The Siege of Boston
General Washington felt short of artilleries and gunpowder. He got his gunpowder from the other colonies, and stole artillery from a British Fort in Ticonderoga. In the early morning the Continental Army surrounded the British with rifles and artilleries. The British fled to Canada with American loyalists. -
The Decleration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson tried wrote a draft in which he explained why independence was important and the errors the king made and also describing the colonists equal rights. In this he also described the king as tyrant. This was a huge effect on the Colonists opinion. -
Battle of New York
In Brooklyn, New York, the two sides met with a fierce battle. The American troops tried their best to defend themselves from the British troops. The trained and huge British army successfully crushed down the American army. The British lost only 377 men while the americans lost 1407 men. Washington, in fear of losing more men, retreated and the British won the war. -
Trenton
The American, under Washington traveled to Trenton to fight off the British. They travelled in the extreme climate but they did not gave up. The Hessians and mersinaries were shocked and surredered to the americans. The huge victory electrified the pstriots with pride and enthusiasm and badly affected the British. -
Saratoga
John Burogoynye, a British general, -
Ratifiacation of The Articles of Confederation
The Aricles of Confederation were ratified by the government as a solution for untiting the colonies under one national governement. It was run by the congress and each state ahd one vote. Congress was given several imprtant powers. There was a committee of delegates composed of representatives from each state. -
Shay's Rebellion
Shay's Rebellion was a rebellion of angry farmers. They were upset because the Government was taking away their property. They burned down a courthouse and and arsenal, and eventually Congress decided to change the Articles of Cnfederation. -
Constitutional Convention
AS a result of Shay's rebellion, Congress decided to meet to revise the Articles of Confederation.They realized it was difficult when they all had different views and opinions. -
Ratification of the U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution has 27 amendments, and the first 10 of them are the Bill of Rights. The Constitution had to be approved by atleast 9 out of the 13 states in order to take action -
The Lousiana Purchase
France had ceded Lousiana to Spain but afterwards France took it back. they had ideas about the plan. However, due to some reasons the idea faled and lousiana didn't seen for any use for France. France had a linking war with Britain and in the fear that they may lose Lousiana they thought that to sell it was better. Jefferson bought the whole Lousiana for 15million dollars. However, there were arguements such as, 'We were to give money of which we had little.' -
Spain gives Florida to US
US, after taking control over Lousiana turned towards Florida which was then ruled by Spain. In 1804 US sent two diplomats to Spain to buy Florida, but were rejected by Spain. Georgian slave owners were overaged for they had many run-away slaves that went to Florida. Siminole Indians were also danger to the Georgian farmers as they raided their lands. Jackdon attacked Florida illegally. Spain had to sell the land to Us because they could not afford to fight. -
The Missouri Compromise
Congress had pressure booming on about slavery. In the Noerthern states, slavery was banned after the revolution, but the Southern states continued slavery. The Northerners tries to bann slavery and told it was very cruel. In the middle of this Maine applied as a slave state. The Northerners said that there were enough slave states and making Missouri a slave state would also give the Southerners more power. There was also unequality among free and slave states. Southerns favored the compromise. -
The Missouri Compromise Unravels
After so much of protesting, the Congress finally agreed to turn Missouri as a free state. The northerners felt a sigh of releif and thought that slave states were finally stopped from spreading. This compromise lead to many blood boiling thoughts over the Southerners state. -
The Indian Removal Act
The american farmers were looking west for more cotton. the cotton kingdom layed on the NA homelands. By this the farmers urged to remove the tribes fom their homelands in order to obtain cotton. The President, Jackson isuued a law under which the tribes from all over the eastern, southern and central states were been send to a reservated territory. The tribes had to walk on foot in order to get to the reservated territory. The transformation was known as the Trail of Tears. -
The Trail of Tears
From 1831 to 1849, as part of Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy, the Indian tribes were forced to give up its lands east of the Mississippi River and to migrate to an area in present-day Oklahoma. The Cherokee people called this journey the "Trail of Tears," because of its devastating effects. The migrants faced hunger, disease, and exhaustion on the forced march. Lots of tham died on their way. -
Texas is Annexed
American colonies were formed in Texas by Stephen Austin. But tensions grew in Texas about the way to govern Texas. The Texans rebelled and fought off the Mexican troops. Texas stayed independent for ten years. American farmers urged to annex Texas as it had fertile land that was good for cotton plantation. Texas was finally ceded to the US in 1845. -
War With Mexico
The annexation of Texas turned relationships between the two countries loose. The border between Mexico and Texas turned into a great fuss. Texas demanded Rio Grande as the border but the Mexico favoured Nuecces river, 150 m northeast from Rio Grande. A war started between the two sides. America won the war and the treaty of Guadolupe Hidalgo conveyed all northern territory of Mexico as a part of the US as well as the border was set at Rio Grande. In exchange the US gave Mexico $15 million. -
Oregon Treaty
Oregon country was claimed by four countries including Russia, Britain, Spain, and the US. Russia and Spain gave up but Britain and US stayed as active claiments. The two countries peacefully came to a final decesion that divided the territory west of the Continental Divide along the 49th parallel to Georgia Strait; with all of Vancouver Island remaining under British control. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Stowe was once sitting in a church when she saw that a slave was badly whiped and beaten by his master. Before dying, the slave whispered to his master, 'Ye poor miserable critter! There ain’t no more ye can do. I forgive ye, with all my soul!'. At this many americans agreed to Stowe's son that slavery is the cruelest thing in the world. Another issue that rose was about a Arican American lady who couldn't bear the seperation of her baby and took risk and escaped chased by hunter's dogs -
The Dred Scott Decision
Dred Scott was aslave who went with his master to a place where slavery was banned, when he reached there, he argued that because this was a free state he should be free. He went to the Court. However, the court decided that Scott was not a citizen and could not sue for his freedom. Another chance of his freedom was blocked by taking him as a proporty and the court said that it is against the 5th amendment to takw him away from his master. After this all territories were opened to slavery. -
The Civil War
The US couldn't remain a country when one half fo the states are free and the other half are open to slavery. The war broke between the Northerners and Southerners about slavery. Eleven southern states seceded from the US. The union consisted of 21 states. The Southern states then favored slavery called themselves the Confederate states of America. The war started with Southerners bombing Fort Sumter. The war ended with winning of the Union and the end of Slavery in America.
