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On May 13, 1787, the “First Fleet” of military leaders, sailors, and convicts set sail from Portsmouth, England. They ended up in Australia, Botany Bay.
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In November 1789, Captain Arthur Phillip captured Bennelong.
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"In 1851, a group of prospectors, led by by Edward Hargraves found gold near Bathurst in New South Wales."
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In 1860 there were 40 000 Chinese living in Australia. This was 3% of the population, the Chinese were greatly disliked by many European particularly on the goldfields.
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From November 1860, there was a series of anti-Chinese riots around Lambing Flat. Groups of hundreds of European miners would gather in what they called 'roll-ups', and attack any Chinese people they found.