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Antoine Lavoisier- Invents analytical balance and discovers what water is made of
He created the analytical balance which stated that "chemical elements were neither created nor destroyed, just combined into different compounds in chemical reactions. From this work follows one of the most fundamental principles of physics, the conservation of mass. " Also, he found that water was made up of hydrogen and oxygen. -
J. L. Proust publishes the Law of Definite Proportions
Proved that "the relative quantities of any given pure chemical compound’s constituent elements remain invariant, regardless of the compound’s source." (britanicca) -
Thomas Young establishes the interference of light
His theory was much more advanced and elaborate than the previous wave light theory. This year he also discovered that the cause of an astigmatism is a misshapened eye cone. -
Heinrich Hertz- discovers electromagnetic radiation
After several experiments, he was finally sucessful in observing electromagnetic waves. He was the first person to ever observe electromagnetic waves. He created waves from around 30-100cm and 100-300 MHz frequency. -
John Dalton- helped in discovering the atomic mass of atoms
Wrote in his books that to "calculate atomic weights from percentage compositions of compounds, using an arbitrary system to determine the likely atomic structure of each compound. If there are two elements that can combine, their combinations will occur in a set sequence." -
J.J. Thomson discovers the electron
His theory was that atoms were made up of smalle particles, hence the elctron. To prove his theory he he used a cathode ray tube and saw that the little glowing particles were the same, thus he named them electrons. -
Max Planck discovers the Planck Quantum Theory
Max Planck discovered the "explanation of the energy attributed to the light is explained by subsequent theories of which the Max Planck quantum theory is one important theory." Finally created a correct way to measure light and other thing. -
Marie and Pierre Curie: discover some atoms are more raidoactive than others
During this time they discovered that some atoms are much more radioactive than others which led to furhter studies. -
Curries- Win Nobel Prize
Them and another scientist, won a nobel prize in physics for their work in the radioactivity of atoms. -
Albert Einstein- Theory of Relativity
This established the law of mass- energy equvalance, e=mc^2. This became the foundation of the development of atomic energy. -
Ernest Rutherford Invents way to observe the age of the earth
He proposed a measure for the relative rate of decay uranium atoms that would accurately date minerals. He also discovered several different elements. -
J.J. Thomson Wins Nobel Prize in Physics
He won this because of his theoretical experiments on the conduction of electricity by gases. -
Ernest Rutherford Wins Nobel Prize
He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances". -
Ernest Marsden- helps discover the atomic theory
With the help of his peers he helped discover the atomic theory and the theory of the atomic structure of an atom. They found that atoms have a small, dense, positively charge nucleus. -
Mrs. Currie- Wins Nobel prize
She recieved her second nobel prize in Physics because of her discovery of the discovery of polonium and radium atoms. She was the first women to get this award. -
Niels Bohr- invents the bohr model
Was a redone version of Rutherfords model. He concluded that electrons orbit around the nucleus without loosing energy and electrons with low energy orbit closer to the nucleas. -
Max Planck Wins Nobel Prize in Physics
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1918 was awarded to Max Planck 'in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta'". -
Albert Einstein Discovers law of
Shwowed that when a quanta of light energy stikes metal atoms, the quanta forces the atoms to releace electrons -
Albert Einstein- Wins Nobel Prize
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921 was awarded to Albert Einstein 'for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect'". -
Niels Bohr- Wins Nobel Prize
In 1922 Niels Bohr was awarded the nobel prize of physics "for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them". -
Arthur Compton- discovers the Compton Effect
He discovered the Compton effect which explains the when wave lenghts and x rays collide, their electrons are altered. -
Louis De Broglie- discovers the wave nature of electrons
Disproved the theory of that time and proved "that particles can behave like waves, and waves (radiation) can behave like particles." -
Werner Heisenberg- discovers theory of Quantum physics
Set forth the matrix formulation of quantum mechanics. -
Wolfgang Pauil creates the Pauli's principle
"The principle states that no two identitcal fermions may occupy the same quantum state simultaneously" -
Erwin Schrödinger takes Bohr model to the next level
He "used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position. This is known as the quantum mechanical model of the atom. Unlike the Bohr model, the quantum mechanical model does not define the exact path of an electron, instead, it predicts the odds of the location of the electron." (abcte.org) -
Arthur Compton- Wins Nobel Prize
In 1927, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his wirk in the Compton effect. -
Hans Geiger- co invents the Geiger counter
A much more portable machine that would count alpha particles -
Period: to
Paul Dirac- Writes the theory of the electron (1928) and the theory of holes (1930)
These excepts of his writing gave hinted toward the idea of a particle with the same mass and charge as the known negative electron. This positron was later founded by Carl Anderson. -
Paul Dirac- invents the Dirac equation
the dirac equation described the behavior fermions, and predicted the existance of antmatter. -
Prince Louis de Broglie- Wins Nobel Prize
He won the Nobel Prize of Physics in 1929, for his work in discovering hte nature of waves in electrons. -
Carl Anderson- discovered the positron
After preforming a expriment on cosmic rays,“carrying a positive charge but having a mass of the same order of magnitude as that normally possessed by a free negative electron." -
James Chadwick- Discovers the neutron
While working with Rutherford to research the attom's nucleus. They discovered a particle that has no charge and named it the neutron. -
Werner Heisenberg wins Nobel Prize
He won the Nobel Prise in Physics for his work and creation of quantum mechanics and the creation of allotropic forms of hydrogen. -
Paul A.M. Dirac- Wins Nobel Prize
In 1933, Paul Dirac and friend Erwin Schrödinger won the nobel prize for their work in finding new and productive forms of atomic theory. -
Erwin Schrödinger Wins Nobel Prize in Physics
For his efforts and discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory. -
Enrico Fermi- demonstrates Redioactive elements
Demonstrated that nuclear transformation occurs in every element subject to neutron bombardment. Resulthed in the discovery of slow neutrons -
Irene Joliot Curie- discoveres artificial radioactivity
She was known for her synthesizing of radioactive elememts. They successfully transformed boron into radioactive nitrogen. -
James Chadwick wins a Nobel Prize
In 1935, James Chadwick was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics for his work in discovering the neutron. -
Irene Joliot-Curie wins Nobel Prize
She was awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her work in synthesizing radioactive elements. -
Carl David Anderson- Wins Nobel Prize
He rescieved a Nobel Prize fin Physics for his work in discovering the positron/positive electron. -
James Chadwick- Discovers nuclear fission to create atom bombs
Him and other scientist worked together and worked with the nuclear fission of atoms such as uranium to create nuclear power and weapons. -
Enrico Fermi Awarded Nobel Prize
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1938 was awarded to Enrico Fermi 'for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons'". -
Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman- discover how to create a powerful bomb
In their research they found that when uranium is bombarded with neutrons it splits and then split with other uranium atoms causeing a very powerful bomb. -
Otto Frisch- Coins the term fission
After the discovery of a neutron and a uranium nucleus collision formed barium as a byproduct. Frisch "explained the process in terms of excessive electrical charge, estimated the energy released and coined the term "fission" to describe it.d that". -
Otto Hahn wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry
He recieved his award for his work in the discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei. -
Wolfgang Pauli wins Nobel Pize in Physics
He recieved a nobel prize for his work in discovering the exclusion principle/ Pauli's principle -
Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig - form the idea of quarks
"1964 Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig tentatively put forth the idea of quarks. They suggested that mesons and baryons are composites of three quarks or antiquarks, called up, down, or strange (u, d, s) with spin 0.5 and electric charges 2/3, -1/3, -1/3, respectively (it turns out that this theory is not completely accurate). " Later discoveries allow us to think of quarks as physical objects, but cannot be isolate. -
Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger make discovery in electrodynamics
discovered that the reaction of an electrons field alters the properties of a particle including the mass. -
Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger awarded Nobel Prize
"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965 was awarded jointly to Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger and Richard P. Feynman 'for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles'".
